Biomass Gasification + Biochar = Carbon Negative Energy, Food and Water OR

1. Biomass Gasification + Biochar = Carbon Negative Energy, Food and Water OR How 1,000,000 machines deployed over 1 century can reduce atmospheric CO2 levels by 10-40ppm (while delivering multiple Gigatons of economic and social value)

2. The Big Problems Climate changeis creating existential stress on energy, food and water systems globally. 3 billionpeople have little or no access to energy for productive use. 4 billionpeople live and work on energy systems that must be decarbonized and rebuilt in the near future. 7 billion people are creating resource and waste management problems that challenge the carrying capacity of the planet

3. The APL Solution Organic Waste to useful Power & Products Biomass Fuel(agriculture & forestry byproducts) Electricity & Heat Drought & Water Management CarbonSequestration(Biochar) Patented compact genset architecture and waste heat recovery system to maximize gas quality and production

4. Biomass Gasification: The historical precedent During WWII, over one million vehicles in Europe were repowered with wood and charcoal, via gasification. Still the the largest alt fuel vehicle deployment since horse and buggy.

5. Biomass Gasification: How it works

6. PRODUCT: Model history APL product history

7. Product currently at market PRODUCT: Model history PRODUCT: Currently at market Product currently at market Power Cube 20 Power Pallet 20 Developing World: Energy Access Open skid, Off-grid (optional on-grid), Batch feed, Automated Developed World: CHP and FIT Enclosure, Grid tie, Continuous feed, Combined heat & power, CE certified

8. Product soon to be at market Powertainer 150kW. Prototyped in collaboration with Cummins Power Generation and U of Minn. Now funded by California Energy Commission for 2nd gen development and commercialization for CA forestry emergency. US Patent #8,829,695 B2: Compact Gasifier-Genset Architecture

9. APL Company snapshot today “APL is the global leader in small-scale gasification” Product 20 - 150 kW biomass gasifiers, engineered and built in Berkeley, CA. People 32 FTE (14 eng, 8 production, 5 sales & support, 5 mgmt) Funding Self-funded by sales, founder equity & grants Intellectual Property 8 international patent applications (3 US issued) APL engineers and manufactures biomass gasification systems in Berkeley, CA. Since 2008 we’ve delivered hundreds of our products to dozens of countries around the world.

10. Biomass Gasification: Uniquely relevant for climate Biomass gasification can replicate most of the power and product outputs of typical fossil fuelled systems, and do so using contemporary carbon resources.

11. Energy for productive use On-demand, high output power for productive work in off-grid/low grid use contexts.

12. Exhaust Heat Exchanger Water Inlet Catalytic Converters Heat Exchanger Exhaust Bypass Valve Water Outlet Heat via engine CHP Engine waste heat recovery for offboard heating applications. CHP Output • 18kW electricity • 40kW heat • 70% system efficiency

13. Biochar for soils/plant productivity The byproduct of gasification is biochar. The application of biochar to soils improves plant productivity and soil health. • Increased microbial/biological activity • Increased cation exchange capacity for accelerated mineral uptake • Increased soil carbon • Improved water retention • Improved nutrient/fertilizer retention • Improved disease control

14. Water management via biomass and biochar Drought resilience through forest management and biochar soil augmentation • Forest thinning improves snow transfer to water table. • Improve soil water holding capacity and reduce water runoff through biochar. • Wildfire prevention through monetized forest management / fuel removal.

15. SOLUTION: Carbon negative energy Carbon negative power and products When gasification is combined withbiochar in soil, the total “power and products” cycle is carbon negative.

16. Waste management via Gasification + Biochar connects the global carbon farming system --agriculture and forestry-- to a scalable power generation and carbon sequestration solution. Climate management through organic waste management Agriculture and forestry already operate at the scale of problem

17. Climate management through organic waste management A powerful new tool in the global climate management toolkit

18. A thought experiment for a global emergency During the global emergency of WWII, 1,000,000 vehicles were repowered with gasifiers within a period of 5 years. During the climate emergency of the today, what GHG impact would 1,000,000 gasification + biochar machines have if deployed and operated over the next century?

19. The Model: Enter basic and atm parameters

20. The Model: Consider auxiliary adders

21. The Model: See results on ground and in sky

22. The Model: Scenario #1 Global Minimum Scenario: Electricity only + no heat utilization + default biochar + no post engine carbon capture

23. The Model: Scenario #2 Global Low Scenario: Electricity + low heat utilization + mid biochar + no post engine carbon capture

24. The Model: Scenario #3 Global Mid Scenario: Electricity + mid heat utilization + high biochar + no post engine carbon capture

25. The Model: Scenario #4 Global Max Scenario: Electricity + high heat utilization + max biochar + aggressive post engine carbon capture + increases in plant productivity and standing carbon

26. Summary A Solution of Consequence APL is positioned to make a consequential impact on global energy access and greenhouse gas drawdown, through mass delivery of carbon negative energy devices. APL gasifiers work at the intersection of industry and agriculture, using the waste byproducts from one as the fuel to power the other. The result is cheap electricity for industry, a powerful soil enhancer for agriculture, and enhanced self-determination for individuals and communities. We intend to scale to a major global enterprise and deliver solutions at the scale of the problem. Power Pallet enroute to Nyaka Plateau, Malawi