Fundamental English… M.6

1. Fundamental English… M.6 Atthawut Trakitthornkul

2. Past Participle = Verb 3 @.. Be + Verb 3 … Passive voice 1. The phone is answered automatically. 2. They have been informed already. 3. The books should be returned today. 4. The plane was delayed by bad weather. 5. My paper has not been typed.

3. Past Participle = Verb 3 @.. Passive voiceof infinitive The play was to be canceled, but it was only postponed. The finalists are to be named at the next meeting. The results of the exam are to be announced tomorrow morning.

4. Past Participle = Verb 3 @.. Have + verb 3…(Perfect) We have lived in Seattle for five years. Have you written your mother a letter?. Ray has given us a lot of help since we arrived. I have taken this medication since 1985. We have been friends since we were children.

5. Past Participle = Verb 3 @.. Adjective + noun.. We want to buy a used car. The untested theory can not be used for reference. The spoken language can not be used in the formal letter. There are many unseen islands in Thailand. You should study the other related topics.

6. Past Participle = Verb 3 @..be + verb 3 (adjective) bored / boring, frightened / frightening Worried / worrying, interested / interesting, Annoyed / annoying disturbed / disturbing amazed / amazing surprised / surprising concerned / concerning

7. Past Participle = Verb 3 I am interested in your biography. Your voice is annoying me. I felt worried about Thailand economy. I am frightened to see a cruel guy.

8. Past Participle = Verb 3(adjective Clause ลดรูป) John is a teacher. He is teaching English. John who is teaching English is a teacher. John teaching English is a teacher Jim is in Samutprakarn. He is advised to rest at his home by the doctor. Jim who is advised to rest at his home is in SMK. Jim advised to rest at his home is in SMK.

9. Past Participle = Verb 3 - Sufficiency Economy is a philosophy. A philosophy is bestowed by His Majesty the King. - Sufficiency Economy is a philosophy which is bestowed by His Majesty the King. - Sufficiency Economy is a philosophy bestowed by His Majesty the King.

10. We used to study…. He is speaking English. He was walking on the road when he saw me. She is happy. Gold is what I want. Jim is a teacher. I am in Samutprakarn. I am interested inyour car. This movie is interesting me.

11. We used to study…. My hobby is to collect the stamps. My hobby is collecting the stamps. You were advised to see a doctor. You are taller than Jim. I am always happy.

12. So………………… Be + v+ing…Continuous. Be + V3……Passive Voice. Be + V+ing (adjective)… Be + V 3 (adjective) Be + adjective Be + Noun Clause. Be + preposition

13. So………………… Be + gerund.. Be + infinitive Be + adverb of frequently + adjective… Be + adverb of degree + adjective… Be + singular countable noun… Be +

14. Correct / Incorrect The prettiest girl in our class with long hair. The prettiest girl in our class has long hair. In my opinion, too soon to make a decision. In my opinion, It is too soon to make a decision. Sam almost always a lot of fun. Sam is almost always a lot of fun.

15. So.. Sentence Subject + VI +…… Subject + VT + DO…. Subject + VT + DO + OC… Subject + verb to be + subjective complement. Subject + IO + DO…

16. Sentences Simple Sentence Compound Sentence Complex Sentence Compound and Complex Sentence

17. What is it? She always walks to school. The hospital where I was born is on Srinakarin road. He speaks English and writes it very well. Jim’s son is studying in Thailand and his daughter is studying in Japan. I am reading the book named “JoJoBongo”. He was walking to school when he met me.

18. What is it? 7. When you met me, you told me what you were thinking. 8. Jim and John are ACSP students. 9. Jim reads and writes a letter. 10.Jim read the newspaper and his friend reads the magazine. 11. My friends who are plying football pass the exam.

19. Clauses Noun Clause Adjective Clause Adverb Clause

20. What is it? What you see is my friend. I will see you when I have a free time. If I were you, I would help the poor. I can not go to school because I am sick. The car which I bought yesterday was stolen. It is raining heavily so the road is flooded. I am what I am.

21. What is it? 8. The car which is yellow is stolen. 9. He said that you had got less scores. 10. I don’t know where the voice is from. 11. I think of what you need. 12. I have seen you since you were in Primary 1. 13. When I went there, the concert had been over. 14. This is my car which my mom buys it for me.

22. Verbs that Require aninfinitive. Agree / decide / appear / arrange / ask / want / demand / deserve / observe / fail / forget / hesitate / hope / intend / hope / manage / mean / need / offer / plan / prepare / pretend / promise / refuse / seem / tend / wait

23. Verbs that Require aninfinitive. He wanted to speak with Mr. Atthawut. We want to know our status. They did not plan to buy a new car. We promised to see you again. They learn to adapt themselves with new events. Don’t hesitate to ask me what he is.

24. Verbs that Require aninfinitive. One of the least effectiveways of storing information is learning……… it. a. how repeat b. repeating c. to repeat d. repeat 2. Representative democracy seemed evolve simultaneouslyduringeighteenth and nineteenth centuries in Britain, Europe, and the United States.

25. Verbs the require –ing form Admit / appreciate / avoid / complete / consider / delay / deny / discuss / enjoy / finish / keep / mention / miss / postpone / practice / quit / recall / recommend / regret / risk / stop / suggest / understand/

26. Verbs the require –ing form Jim completed writing his thesis this summer. I risked driving a car in town. The students appreciate studying English. We enjoyed playing football. The students always postpone doing their homework.

27. Verbs the require –ing form 1.John finished……..two of his published compositions before his tenth birthday. a. written b. write c. to write d. writing 2. Many people have stopped to smokebecause they are afraid that it may be harmfulto their health.

28. Verbs the require –ing form Approve of / carry on / keep on / count on / look forward to / think of / get through / be better off / forget about / insist on

29. Verbs the require –ing form I have been looking forward to seeing you. I insisted on promising to see you. We approved of running your business. I think of taking a trip to Vietnam. It is better off speaking English.

30. Events in the past of must I must have gone to Hong Kong. I must have seen your familiar face. This pens don’t write, It must have run out of ink. He streets were wet, It must have rained last night.

31. Past Custom: Used to / Be used to / Get used to 1. I used to study at Vermont of University. 2. I am used to studying at Vermont of University. 3. I used to speak in public. 4. I am used to speaking in public. 5. I used to drink too much. 6. I get used to drinking too much.

32. Past Custom: Used to / Be used to / Get used to 1. Harvard……. a school for men, but now is coeducational, serving as many women as men. a. was used b. used to be c. was used to d. was used to be 2. As television image of the astronauts showed, even for trainedprofessionals who are used to move about in a lessened gravitational field, there arestill problems.

33. Subjunctive verbs Ask / demand / desire / insist / prefer / propose / recommend / request / require / suggest / urge

34. Subjunctive verbs 1. Incorrect: The doctor suggested that he will not smoke. - The doctor suggested that he not smoke. 2. Incorrect: I propose that the vote is secret. - I propose that the vote be secret. 3. Incorrect: The law requires that everyone has his car checked. - The law requires that everyone have his car checked.

35. Impersonal Expression(subjunctiveverbs) Essential / imperative / important / necessary It is important that the idea be verified. It is imperative that you be on time. It is important that he speak English.

36. Impersonal Expression(subjunctiveverbs) It is necessary……. the approachesto bridge, and alignmentin such a way as to best accommodate the expected traffic flow over and under it. a. plan b. to plan c. planning d. the plan 2. It is important that vitamins are supplied either foods orby supplementary tablets for normal growth to occur.

37. Relative Pronouns that Refer to person The people who cheated on theexamination had to leave the room. Who is the man who asked the questions? Did you meet the girl whom I want to see ? The student whose house is in Bangkok always absents school.

38. Relative Pronouns that Refer to person 1. Charlie Chaplin was a comedian…. Was best known for his work in silent movies. a. who b. which c. whose d. what Absolute zero, the temperature, at whomall substances have zero thermal energy and thus, the lowest possible temperature, is unattainable in practice.

39. One / Another / Other(Adjective) One movie starts at five, another movie starts at seven, and the other movie starts at nine. 2. One bus leavesat five, another at six and the other at seven.

40. One / Another / Other(Pronoun) I have three cars. One is blue, another is white and the other is red.

41. One / Another / Other(Pronoun) There are three kinds of eclipse:one is total, anotheris annular and…….. a. the another is partial b. the partial is other c. other is partial d. the other is partial One of the most popular major fields of study for foreign scholarsin the United Statesis business and the another is engineer.

42. Cause and Result- So/ so……that He is so slow that he never gets to class on time. He is slow so he never gets to class on time. The suitcase is so heavy that I can hardly carry it. The suitcase is heavy so I can hardly carry it.

43. Cause and Result- So/ so……that Oil paints…… they have become the most popular painter’s colors. a. so versatile and durable that b. so versatile and durable than c. such versatile and durable as d. such versatile and durable that

44. Cause and Result- So/ so……that 2. By the mid-nineteenth century, land was such expensive in large cities that architects began to conserve space by designing skyscrapers.

45. Cause and Result- / such It was such a hot day that we went out. It was so hot a day that we went out. There are such long assignments that I can’t finish them. This is such a good news that I will call him.

46. Cause and Result- / Too This tea is too hot to drink. English is too easy to study. Mathematics is too difficult (for me) to study. The top shelf in the cupboard is too high (for me) to reach. This brand is too expensive to buy.

47. Despite / In spite of Despite the interruption, she is able to finish her assignment on time. In spite of the interruption, she is able to finish her assignment on time. Despite the delay, they arrived on time. In spite of the delay, they arrived on time.

48. Despite / In spite of …..under Chief Tecumseh, the Shawnees lost most of their lands to whites and were moved into territories. a. In spite of resistance b. In spite resistance c. Spite of resistance d. Spite resistance 2. Despite of the fact that backgammon is easy to learn, It is as difficult to playas chess.

49. Because / Because of They decided to stay at home because the weather was bad. They decided to stay at home because of the bad weather. Classes will be cancelled tomorrow because it is a national holiday. 4. Classes will be cancelled tomorrow because of a national holiday.

50. Because / Because of …….. In the cultivation of the forest, trees need more careful planning than any other crop does. a. Because the time and area involved b. For the time and area involving c. Because of the time and area involved d. As the time and area involved