Transportation Engineering

1. Transportation Engineering • Vehicle Dynamics • Geometric Design • Pavement Design • Traffic Theory • Level of Service • Queueing Theory • Intelligent Transportation Systems • Signalized Intersections • Transportation Planning • Route Choice • Implications

2. Haven’t Covered • Modes other than surface motorized vehicles • Environmental impacts from transportation • Economic impacts of transportation • Impact of fuel price on transportation • Transportation policy • Goods movement • …….

3. Transportation courses at UW • CEE 441 Highway and Traffic Engineering (4 credits) This is the senior capstone course for transportation-construction. • CEE 404 Infrastructure Construction (4 credits). Covers basic concepts of large infrastructure construction projects including planning, scheduling, life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA), construction cost, logistics and productivity. Involves a 7-week group project that plans a major repaving of an I-5 section in the urban Seattle area. • CEE 421 Pavement Design (3 credits) Current and developing procedures for the structural thickness design of pavements. Bituminous and concrete pavements for highways, airports, and special heavy loading. Elastic layered systems, slab theory. Performance evaluation for maintenance and overlay design. • CEE 410 Traffic Engineering Fundamentals and Surveys (3 credits) General review of the fundamentals of traffic engineering, including their relationship to transportation operations management and planning, with special emphasis on traffic engineering field surveys and data analysis.

4. Transportation courses at UW • CEE 416 Urban Transportation Planning and Design (3 credits) Brief review of major issues in urban transportation planning. Planning process discussed and transportation models introduced. Uses a systems framework, including goals and objectives, evaluation, implementation, and monitoring. A design term project, individual or small groups, utilizes material presented on a contemporary problem. • CEE 498B Transportation Logistics (3 credits)Students who complete this course will gain an understanding of the logistics system, and the interaction between supply-chain management and freight transportation; how goods are conveyed from production to consumption. Students will also gain a familiarity and facility with common methods used to analyze logistics problems, and the tools needed to understand current and future transportation choices in the transport of goods. • CEE 412 Transportation Data Management (3 credits) Introduction to modern concepts, theories, and tools for transportation data management and analysis. Applications of software tools for transportation data storage, information retrieval, knowledge discovery, data exchange, on-line information sharing, statistical analysis, system optimization and decision support. • CEE 579 Advanced Traffic Detection Systems (3 credits) Introduction to advanced tracking and detection technologies in transportation engineering including Global Positioning Systems (GPS), inductance loop detection systems, remote traffic microwave radar, computer-vision based technologies, and other emerging detection technologies with cutting-edge research in these areas.

5. Contemporary Issues in Transportation • The impact of rising fuel prices • Changing fuel sources • Reducing the environmental costs of transportation • Resilience • Security • News stories

6. Civil Engineers not only design and build infrastructure, but plan and manage. • Increasingly we will manage the infrastructure through the use of sensing technology and “dynamic” infrastructure. • These strategies allow us to manage the infrastructure and demand for that infrastructure “better”. • “Better” is cleaner, with less wasted fuel and time, cheaper?

7. Although the transportation system was designed by and is operated by humans, we do not understand it’s dynamics well. • Large problem • Many actors • Dynamic • Progress slowed by perceptions of research • Data limited

8. Marine Terminal Actors • Steamship lines (APL, Cosco) • Terminal Operators (MTC, SSA) • Port Authorities (Port of Seattle) • County Governments (Pierce County Terminal) • City Governments (City of Seattle, Seattle DOT, WSDOT) • Security agencies (DHS) • Drayage drivers and Licensed Motor Carriers • Importers or Shippers (WalMart) • Freight forwarders and expeditors • 3PLs or Logistics providers • Customs brokers • CBP • Labor Unions (ILWU, Teamsters) • Interest Groups (Waterfront Coallition) • EPA • Railroads Own objectives and remuneration or incentive schemes

9. Marine Terminal Issues • Environment • Air quality • Wetlands • Water quality • … • Security concerns • Competitiveness • Quality of life • Federalism Consideration at a system level

10. Drayage Trucks

11. What is the Clean Trucks Program? • A proposal by the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach that would govern their relationships with Licensed Motor Carriers (LMCs) • LMCs will need to obtain a concession from the ports to do business there • LMCs must employ their drivers, currently most drayage drivers are owner/operators

12. What is the Clean Trucks Program? • Trucks will be charged a Transportation Impact Fee for every entry into the port ($34) if the truck does not meet 2007 Environmental Protection Agency regulations • Trucks will be required to have GPS units • Trucks will be required to have RFID tags • By 2012 all trucks will be required to meet 2007 EPA regulations

13. Official Goal of the CTP • With the program in place, the ports should be able to move forward with their infrastructure plans to expand to a capacity of 42.5 million TEUs while meeting the Clean Air Action Plan’s goals • Currently the ports moved about 16 million TEUs in 2006 • The Clean Air Action Plan will cut particulate matter (PM) pollution from all port-related sources by at least 47 percent within the next five years

14. Other Objectives • Transfer the burden of regulation from the ports to the LMCs (security, safety, environment) • Increase transportation system efficiency • Provide a mechanism for financing a technology investment at the port • Improve working conditions for drayage drivers (estimate improvement from $12/hour to $20/hour)

15. What is the threat? • Southern California will • Experience tighter environmental regulation • Lose it’s position as the main US Port of Entry for goods from Asia • Lose the associated jobs and economic activity • “By roughly 2025, that will result in the ability of the ports to support 300,000 to 600,000 new jobs that would be lost if that infrastructure cannot be built.” John Husing

16. Current Operations

17. Anticipated Changes • Change size of drayage fleet • Employ drivers • Reduce gate delay • Smooth truck arrival pattern • Reduce empty trips

18. Full container destination Full container origin Port

19. Full container destination Full container origin Port

20. Queueing System Stacks Gate Single versus double moves, wheeled versus stacked storage

21. Terminal Time Modeling

22. M/D/1 Assumption

23. Summary • May not reduce overall delay. • Implementation of the program may result in mild improvements through; • reduced gate delays, • fleet efficiencies, • increased driver tenure. • The possibility of disruption or inadequate truck or driver supply or the cost of the program to the industry is certainly increased. • Consistent with other transportation developments in the use of technology to manage the system both on the demand and supply side. • System benefit requires transfer of cost.