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Ancient Rome Vocabulary-write on p. 82 of your Inbook

Ancient Rome Vocabulary-write on p. 82 of your Inbook. Republic-a form of government with elected leaders Patrician-a rich man who held power in Rome Plebeian-one of the common people, who had no say in the Roman Government civil war- a war between regions of the same country

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Ancient Rome Vocabulary-write on p. 82 of your Inbook

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  1. Ancient Rome Vocabulary-write on p. 82 of your Inbook • Republic-a form of government with elected leaders • Patrician-a rich man who held power in Rome • Plebeian-one of the common people, who had no say in the Roman Government • civil war- a war between regions of the same country • forum-marketplace or public square • Aqueduct-a pipe or channel that brings water from distant places • Diverse-made up of people who are different from one another

  2. Ancient Rome“All roads lead to Rome.” “Rome wasn’t built in a day.” Main Idea: Ancient Romans had two great strengths: powerful armies used to conquer new lands, and they adopted ideas from the people they conquered.

  3. Timeline 509 B.C. Rome Becomes a republic A.D. 312 Constantine begins rule C.A.D. 33 Jesus dies in Jerusalem A.D. 180 Pax Romana ends A.D. 500 500 B.C. 264 B.C. Punic Wars begin

  4. I. Beginnings of Ancient Rome- 750 B.C. A. Villages on 7 hills along the Tiber River united forming Rome B. These farmers were called Latins c. Kings rule for 200 years ( legend of Romulus)

  5. II. Roman Republic forms around 509 B.C. (republic means elected officials) A. Classes of people: 1. Patricians a. wealthy, landowners, trace roots to the founding of Rome 2. Plebeians a. Ordinary, working, male, citizens i. ex: farmers and soldiers b. Threaten to leave to gain equality with the patricians c. Right to vote or veto ( say no) 3. Slaves were not citizens

  6. II. Roman Republic forms around 509 B.C. (republic means elected officials) B. Senate 1. Two patricians elected as consuls a. Government and military decisions

  7. III. Expansion of the Republic A. Rome v. Carthage 1. Carthage is a city in North Africa 2. Punic Wars (3): a. Victory over Carthage gives Rome control over most of the western Mediterranean B. Powerful army = ambitious generals and well-trained soldiers 1. Conquered many new territories

  8. Homework-Roman Playing Cards p. 84 of your Inbook • Directions-make a playing card for a patrician, plebeian, Caesar and Agustus. Have three facts about their life and a picture.

  9. Punic Wars

  10. IV. Republic to Empire A. Large size creates a diverse group under common law 1. Many religions and customs

  11. Julius Caesar

  12. IV. Republic to Empire B. Julius Caesar 1. Successful general and military strategist 2. Governor of territory called Gaul 3. Senate fears his great power so…… a. Order his resignation after 4 years of rule b. Caesar fights a battle to keep control c. Caesar returns to Rome names himself Dictator for Life d. Mar. 15, 44 B.C. group of senators stab him to death on Senate floor e. Civil war follows

  13. Julius Caesar Video

  14. C. Augustan Age (after the death of Alexander the Great) • 27 B.C. Caesar’s adopted son, Octavian = 1st Emperor a. Marks beginning of Roman Empire b. Octavian takes the name Agustus c. Rules more than 40 years i. Expands the Roman Empire ii. Emperors passed rule through family = dynasties

  15. Rome at its Height

  16. 2. “Pax Romana” = Roman Peace (200 years) a. Strong military = power = peace i. Large units of soldiers = legions ii. Smaller groups of 100 commanded by a centurion iii. Marching formation called a testudo iv. Siege- surround and attack a city until it surrenders

  17. The Appian Way

  18. “Pax Romana” = Roman Peace (200 years) b. Roman laws were written = fairness i. Law of the Twelve Tables ii. Protected all citizens c. Engineers and architects build : ( connected and protected) i. Roads - 50,000 miles of hard surface to move troops and as trade routes main highway was the Appian Way constructed by soldiers and slaves still in use today measured in milestones

  19. Aqueducts-Pont du Gard, France

  20. “Pax Romana” = Roman Peace (200 years) ii. Aqueducts - raised tunnels bring spring water iii. Buildings- cement arches iv. Walls EX: Hadrian’s Wall d. Trade: olive oil. Wine, marble, grain e. Literature:Aeneid, by Virgil = a poem about the founding of Rome

  21. The Aeneid by Virgil Video

  22. V. Rise of Christianity A. New religion from the Middle East called Christianity B. Spread along the trade routes C. Early leaders tolerated many religions but Christians were viewed with suspicion a. Blamed, punished, killed = persecuted

  23. VI. 1st Christian Emperor A. Emperor Constantine 1.Vision of a cross before battle 2. Victory in battle causes him to convert him to Christianity 3. Christianity becomes the official religion of Roman Empire a. Marks the change from polytheism to monotheism

  24. VII. The Decline of the Roman Empire A. The huge empire was hard to govern 1. 395 empire divided into two: i. Eastern empire ruled from Byzantium ii. Western empire ruled from Rome

  25. VII. The Decline of the Roman Empire B. Rome and Western Empire face invaders 1. Germanic tribes repeat attacks weaken Rome 2. Western Empire crumbles by 476

  26. VII. The Decline of the Roman Empire C. Eastern Empire 1. Continues to exist for another 1,000 years 2. Constantine renames Byzantium as Constantinople (Today = Istanbul) 3. 1453-Ottoman Turks end the Roman Empire

  27. VIII. Everyday Life A. Houses 1. Lower class lives above or behind their shops 2. Middle class lives in apartments 3. Wealthy live in large homes with an atrium to collect rainwater

  28. VIII. Everyday Life B. Religion 1. Early Romans believed in gods 2. Romans adopted gods from Greeks and other people they conquered a. EX: Zeus = Jupiter

  29. VIII. Everyday Life C. Education 1. Roman numerals 2. Language = Latin

  30. VIII. Everyday Life D. Culture- entertainment 1. Arenas- Colosseum a. Gladiators i. Slaves, criminals or prisoners trained to fight with sword ii. Fought vs men and wild animals until death iii. 73 B.C. Spartacus and 75 gladiators escape holding off army 2 years

  31. VIII. Everyday Life 2. Circuses, Forums, Baths a. Chariots race on a course called a circus (Circus Maximus) i. Betting money called denari ii. 4 teams: red, white, blue and green race 7 laps b. Most cities had a forum or large, open area in center of town i. Meet, shop, listen to speakers on the rostra c. Baths i. Hot and cold

  32. Rome

  33. Roman Amusements Video

  34. IX. Volcano Erupts A. August 24, AD 79 the volcano Vesuvius erupts 1. Ash and lava bury towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum 2. 1,600 years later towns discovered by well digger 3. Buildings, statues and even bodies were preserved

  35. Pompeii

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