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The Effects of Positive and Negative Self- Presentation on Female Self- Esteem and Relationship Choices

The Effects of Positive and Negative Self- Presentation on Female Self- Esteem and Relationship Choices. Stephanie Gunderson Robyn Hooker Hanover College. Self-Presentation and Women . The statements individuals make about themselves that reflect upon their self-concept and self-esteem.

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The Effects of Positive and Negative Self- Presentation on Female Self- Esteem and Relationship Choices

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  1. The Effects of Positive and Negative Self- Presentation on Female Self- Esteem and Relationship Choices Stephanie Gunderson Robyn Hooker Hanover College

  2. Self-Presentation and Women • The statements individuals make about themselves that reflect upon their self-concept and self-esteem. • Women’s self-presentation is synonymous with their actual self-concept when talking to other females and they tend to disclose more about themselves (Leary et al., 1994) .

  3. Consequences of Self-Presentation • Also aids in forming the impressions that others can make about the speaker (Leary, Nezlek, & Downs, 1994). • Positive self-presenters expect others to like them, causing negative opinions (Baumeister, 1982).

  4. Self-Concept as Tool for Judgment Children named as friends those classmates who performed at a lower level than they themselves did on activities they considered important to them due to comparison processes (Tesser, Campbell, & Smith, 1984).

  5. Perceptions of Women’s Self-Presentation Britton, Martz, and Bazzini (2006) Participants were shown fattalk dialogue and were asked how would a woman respond: • Self-Accepting of her body • No information provided about body • Self-degrading about her body

  6. Hypotheses We expect that participants will rate as more likeable and more likely want to be friends with those individuals who displayed more negative self- presentations rather than those who displayed positive self- presentation. We also expect that participants with high self-esteem will prefer a person who displayed positive self-presentation and those with low self-esteem will prefer a person who displayed negative self-presentation.

  7. Participants • 33 female college students • Ages: 18-22 • Ethnicity: Mostly Caucasian

  8. Procedure Listen and read dialogue situation between four women • First woman puts herself down • Three Responders: • Self-degrading • Self-accepting • No information about self-concept

  9. The Dialogue Abby: Ugh, I am so fat. Ashley:Please, do you see how unattractive I am? Emily: I am so lucky to have good genes to keep me pretty. Hannah: Can we please get back to studying?

  10. Method: Questionnaires The Likeability Questionnaire • To measure the perceptions that the participants had towards each confederates’ likeability in the study. • How likely is it that you would be friends? • Do you feel this person is genuine? • Do you think this person has a number of good qualities?

  11. Method: Questionnaires The Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale • On the whole, I am satisfied with myself. • I feel that I’m a person of worth. • I wish I could have more respect for myself.

  12. Likeability Means More Likeable Less Likeable Self- accepting Self- degrading Neutral F(2,30) = 8.49, p = .001

  13. Likeability by Self-Esteem Levels Neutral Self- accepting Self- degrading

  14. Likeability by Self-Esteem Levels p = .208 Neutral Self- accepting Self- degrading

  15. Friendship Choice More likely Less likely Self-accepting Self-degrading Neutral F(2,31) = 27.73, p < .001

  16. Friendship Choice by Self-Esteem Levels Neutral Self-accepting Self-degrading

  17. Friendship Choice by Self-Esteem Levels p = .05 Neutral Self-accepting Self-degrading

  18. Discussion • Hypothesis supported: Participants preferred self- degrading over self- accepting individual. • Neutral individual received highest likeability ratings. • Preference for neutral individual could be due to participants’ not having enough information about her to make strong judgment.

  19. Discussion • Hypothesis about participants’ self- esteem not supported. • Marginal significance with high self- esteem and liking Emily (self- accepting individual). • Comparison processes evident in friendship choice for Ashley (self-degrading).

  20. Limitations • Small sample size • Self-accepting woman may have been seen as narcissistic by participants and therefore a flaw • Participants could be responding differently than they would in actual situations. • More qualitative studies with small groups of friends may be beneficial. • Homogeneity of sample: All Caucasian • Different ethnicities could give different responses.

  21. Questions ?

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