Cervical Cancer and HPV Awareness

1. Cervical Cancer and HPV Awareness Lydia N Collins Consumer Health Coordinator LYDIA@PITT.EDU

2. Agenda Introduction What is Cancer? Statistics Overview Cervical Cancer Prevention Treatment Survivor Story Overview Human papillomavirus (HPV) Prevention Treatment Survivor Story Freely available ‘reliable’ health resources

3. What is cancer? • Cancer begins in your cells, which are the building blocks of your body. • Normally, your body forms new cells as you need them, replacing old cells that die. Sometimes this process goes wrong. • Most cancers are named for where they start. For example, cervical cancer starts in the cervix, and breast cancer starts in the breast.

4. What is Cervical Cancer? • Cervical cancer begins in the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the womb, called the uterus. • Cervical cancer was once the number-one cause of death from cancer in women. • The cervix has 2 parts (outer and inner), Where these 2 parts meet is where most cervical cancers start. • Cervical cancer is caused by a virus called HPV. • The virus spreads through sexual contact

5. Cervical Cancer Survivor: Life Story A woman shares her story about being a survivor of Cervical Cancer. Women’s Cancer Network: Life Stories

6. What is HPV? Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are common viruses that can cause warts. There are more than 100 types of HPV, classified as low-risk or high-risk. Most are harmless, but about 30 types put you at risk for cancer. High-risk HPV can lead to cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, and anus in women. In men, it can lead to cancers of the anus and penis.

7. HPV: Life Story A young woman shares her story about being diagnosed with HPV. Women’s Cancer Network: Life Stories

8. Cervical Cancer: Screening and Prevention • The use of male/female condoms reduce your risk, and should be used at all times. • Limit the number of sexual partners and avoid partners who participate in high-risk sexual activities. • Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer.

9. Vaccines to prevent Cervical Cancer • Two vaccines are available • The vaccines protect against 4 types of HPV that may lead to cervical cancer • Recommended for girls and women ages 9-26

10. Statistics about Cervical Cancer The American Cancer Society's estimates for cervical cancer in the United States are for 2013: • About 12,340 new cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed. • About 4,030 women will die from cervical cancer. • African-Americans are the second highest ethnic group most likely to get cervical cancer.

11. Risk Factors and Cervical Cancer What are risk factors? Human papilloma virus infection (HPV) Smoking Immunosuppression (HIV) Chlamydia infection Diet Oral contraceptives Intrauterine Device Use (IUD) Multiple full-term pregnancies Young age at the first full-term pregnancy Poverty Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Family history of cervical cancer Cervical Cancer Risk Factors A risk factor is anything that changes your chance of getting a disease. Different types of diseases have different risk factors When reviewing risk factors, focus on the things that you can change or control.

12. What causes cervical cancer? Risk factors have been identified that determine those most likely to get cervical cancer. Scientists are studying DNA to learn more. HPV is a factor but not a determinant. NIH- National Cancer Institute Lifelines: Cervical Cancer Awareness

13. Can Cervical Cancer be Prevented? • Begin cervical cancer testing (screening) at age 21. • Women aged 21 to 29, should have a Pap test every 3 years. • Beginning at age 30, the preferred way to screen is with a Pap test combined with an HPV test every 5 years. This should continue until age 65. • Women 30 to 65 is to get tested every 3 years with just the Pap test. • Women of any age should NOT be screened every year by any screening method. • Women who have had a total hysterectomy (removal of the uterus and cervix) should stop screening (such as Pap tests and HPV tests), unless the hysterectomy was done as a treatment for cervical pre-cancer (or cancer). Women who have had a hysterectomy without removal of the cervix (called a supra-cervical hysterectomy) should continue cervical cancer screening according to the guidelines above. Women who have been vaccinated against HPV should still follow these guidelines

14. Questions

15. Health Information Resources Where to find health information you can trust…

16. MedlinePlus

17. MedlinePlus: Your Medical Google • MedlinePlus is the National Institutes of Health's Web site for patients and their families and friends.

18. MedlinePlus: Health Topics • Body Locations/Systems • Disorders and Conditions • Diagnosis and Therapy • Demographic Groups • Health and Wellness Read about symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention for over 900 diseases, illnesses, health conditions and wellness issues.

19. MedlinePlus Health Topics continued

20. MedlinePlus Cervical Cancer MedlinePlus Cervical Cancer Page

21. MedlinePlus Cervical Cancer Topic Cervical Cancercontinued

22. MedlinePlus Cervical Cancer Page MedlinePlus Cervical Cancer

23. MedlinePlus HPV Topic Page MedlinePlus HPV page

24. MedlinePlus: Drugs and Supplements • MedlinePlus Drugs and Supplements links to DailyMed and provides a listing of Related Topics.

25. MedlinePlus: Cancer and Alternative Therapies MedlinePlus Cancer Alternative Therapies Page

26. MedlinePlus Cancer Chemotherapy MedlinePlus Cancer Chemotherapy Page

27. MedlinePlus: Videos and Cool Tools Included are: • Calculators and Quizzes • Games • Understanding Medical Words • Evaluating Health Information • Director’s Comments Podcasts • NIHSeniorHealth Videos There are many interactive resources within the videos and cool tools section of MedlinePlus

28. Anatomy of A Cancer Treatment The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) provides videos, such as Anatomy of A Cancer Treatment Scam and other educational materials for consumers to be aware of scams in regards to treatments of various diseases.

29. MedlinePlus: Interactive Tutorials Interactive Health Tutorials Categories: • Diseases and Conditions • Tests and Diagnostic Procedures • Surgery and Treatment Procedures • Prevention and Wellness Diseases and ConditionsTests and Diagnostic Procedures Ovarian Cancer Pap Smear Ovarian Cysts Breast Cancer Uterine Fibroids Surgery and Treatment Procedures Sexually Transmitted Diseases Hysterectomy

30. Evaluating Health Information MedlinePlus Evaluating Health Information Page

31. Additional Videos and Cool Tools Features • A tutorial from the National Library Medicine that teaches you about medical words. • A National Library of Medicine tutorial that teaches you how to evaluate health information on the web. • Donald A.B. Lindberg, M.D., Director of the National Library of Medicine, highlights health news and information from MedlinePlus in these podcasts. • Videos from within NIHSeniorHealth focused on aging population health topics.

32. MedlinePlus: Topics of Interest Topics of Interest • African American Family Health • Diabetes • Careers/health occupations • Drug/Substance Abuse • Children’s Page • Sickle Cell Anemia • Health Insurance • Patient Rights • Personal health records • Health Statistics • Health Fraud • High Blood Pressure • Asthma • Breast Cancer • Environmental Health • Heart Disease • Epilepsy • Glaucoma • Mental Health • Lung Cancer • Nutrition • Prostate Cancer • HIV Testing and more

33. Any questions?

34. ACS: Talking to Your Health Provider The American Cancer Institute offers questions to ask your provider.

35. MedlinePlus: Additional Resources Directories MedlinePlus provides links to directories to help you find libraries, health professionals, services and facilities. Organizations A collection of organizations providing health information. Also available arranged by topic. Medical Encyclopedia The A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia includes over 4,000 articles about diseases, tests, symptoms, injuries, and surgeries. It also contains an extensive library of medical photographs and illustrations. Multiple Languages Browse health information in different languages by topic or language in the MedlinePlus multiple languages section, which includes a link to the Refugee Health Information Network (RHIN). Training Resources MedlinePlus provides training resources for those teaching classes or exhibiting at health fairs on the Information for Librarians and Trainers page and search tips.

36. Additional Resources • National Cancer Institute (NCI) Fact Sheet on Pap and HPV Testing • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HPV and Men – Fact Sheet • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HPV Vaccine for boys and girlsFact Sheet • National Cancer Institute (NCI) Understanding Cervical Changes – Booklet • Lifelines from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) – Cancer Fact or Fiction: Separating Myths from Good Information • Siteman Cancer Center – Cervical Cancer Risk Assessment • American Cancer Institute – Cervical Cancer Information (Stay healthy video)

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