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Westward Expansion

This text provides an overview of the key events and themes related to the westward expansion of the United States, including the Louisiana Purchase, War of 1812, Texas Republic, Mexican-American War, Native Americans, Manifest Destiny, Oregon Trail, and Gold Rush.

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Westward Expansion

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  1. Westward Expansion

  2. OBJ #1: • A. Louisiana Purchase 1.Purchased from France - 1803 -$15 Million (Napoleon Sells) 2. Geographic Location *East- Mississippi River

  3. 3. Exploration *Lewis & Clark Job: Explore the new territory of Louisiana -Find a North West Passage -Find the true size of the territory -Discover Native Americans. -Describe Natural Resources ** Sacagawea- Indian Woman, Hired to be guide, learned English

  4. Lewis and Clark Expedition • Sacajawea shows Lewis & Clark through the Louisiana Purchase

  5. Moving West (Mid-West) • Industrial Revolution **Creation of a factory system and use of mechanical tools to improve life and production ** Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney:1793 ** Steam Boat

  6. People Move WEST! * New Land means they can move! • Use roads and the NEW RAILROAD!

  7. OBJ #2: War of 1812 • Europe was in a war, and needed supplies from U.S • People in U.S. losing $$/ Supplies were cut off • British v. United States • British help Native Americans to attack American settlements. • War Hawks: wanted the U.S. to fight G.B. ( they like war) • British burn Washington DC

  8. Francis Scott Key writes “Star Spangled Banner” - National Anthem U.S. won at New Orleans Treaty of Ghent: Ended the war ** Both sides didn’t think they could win • Showed the U.S. could stand up to the British

  9. OBJ #3: ** TEXAS Republic: - Americans settle in Texas -Belongs to new country- Mexico -Mexico wants Americans to learn customs **No more Americans: Texas is MAD! * Texas asks to leave Mexico and be on their own, Mexico says NO! * Houston chosen as leader of Texas Army

  10. ** Battle for Independence -Mexico is winning at first Alamo (1836): Texans stationed at Alamo; Mexico v. Texas. Mexico breaks through and kills all Texans -Texans Recover- Capture Santa Anna (Dictator) Numbering approximately 189 men, the Texans fought off the Mexicans, who numbered around 3,000-4,000 troops, for 13 days until the Mexican Army finally overran the Alamo on March 6, 1836.

  11. ** 1836- Texas is FREE- On their own! Asks to join the U.S. U.S. says NO- North doesn’t like slavery Finally YES as slave state Annexed : to add in 1845

  12. OBJ #4:Mexican American War 1. Mexico starts to welcome Americans into its territories (New Mexico & California) 2.U.S. Annexes (adds) Texas (Upset Mexico) 3. U.S. thought Texas boarder at Rio Grande 4. Mexico thought boarder at Nueces River

  13. Mexico v. U.S. * Many Americans were against the war (Why?) - U.S. Wins Easily! *Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848): Ends War ($15 million) Mexico cedes (gave up) California & all of Southwest gives Mexico million * Gadsden Purchase- ($10 million) for S. Arizona and Southern New Mexico

  14. OBJ #5: ** Native Americans * President Jackson wanted to open up the land from Georgia to Mississippi for farming 1. Indian Removal Act of 1830: * Passed by Congress * Ordered Indians to give up lands East of Mississippi to trade for land in Oklahoma * BAD LAND!!

  15. * -Cherokee Refuse **Cherokee sue in Supreme Court to stop removal (Jackson ignores order) **1835- some Cherokee sign treaty but most of 17,000 do not agree and will not accept it 2. Trail of Tears: 1838 **Trail from Georgia to Oklahoma. Many die during 800 mile march, treated bad by soldiers, hungry, cold, disease -Forced Out: Jackson Uses Military – Sends 7,000 troops in to force removal

  16. Trail of Tears:

  17. OBJ #6: ** Manifest Destiny: 1840’s – Belief that the U.S. and it’s people had the right to “colonize” and use all territory from Atlantic to Pacific. • Mountain Men: *Early explorers head into Louisiana *Send stories and goods back * Led people to explore the West

  18. OBJ #7 *Promise of rich land in Oregon ** Oregon Trail- Rough trail, harsh conditions, not enough food, people DIE **Both U.S. and Great Britain said they owned Oregon **U.S. adds 5,000 more people & British don’t -1846 agreement to set border at the 49th Parallel ** Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana.

  19. 49th Parallel

  20. CALIFORNIA!! * After Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848): belongs to U.S ** GOLD RUSH!! - 1848/49 (49’ers) *Gold found at Sutter’s Mill 1848 *100,000 people come between 1848-1849 *Boomtowns: No Government /Rough Towns Becoming a State: 1850 * *Banned Slavery: Created trouble in Congress!

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