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African American History from the Civil War to the Present

African American History from the Civil War to the Present. dr. Liz Bryant. The end of reconstruction…. African Americans during Reconstruction. Could vote Could hold political office Due to Radical Reconstruction. Issue: Idea of “Negro Supremacy”. Idea That Blacks Were Less Than Human.

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African American History from the Civil War to the Present

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  1. African American History from the Civil War to the Present dr. Liz Bryant

  2. The end of reconstruction…

  3. African Americans during Reconstruction • Could vote • Could hold political office • Due to Radical Reconstruction

  4. Issue: Idea of “Negro Supremacy”

  5. Idea That Blacks Were Less Than Human

  6. Idea That Blacks Were Stupid

  7. Stereotypes of Blacks

  8. Never the Reality

  9. Re-Emergence of “Redeemer” Governments

  10. Election of 1876 • Rutherford B. Hayes (165) • Samuel Tilden (184)

  11. Rutherford B. Hayes

  12. Samuel Tilden

  13. Election of 1876 • Needed 185 Electoral Votes to win the presidency

  14. Election of 1876 • Issue: where would the votes for Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana go

  15. Joint Electoral Commission • Created to determine who would get the presidency

  16. Painting of the “Electoral Commission of 1877 (Florida Case)”

  17. Compromise of 1877 • ENDS RECONSTRUCTION

  18. Compromise of 1877 • Disputed votes go to Hayes (Republican) • Military rule in the south is ended

  19. Compromise of 1877 • What does this mean for African-Americans? • All civil and political rights gained during Reconstruction are quickly lost

  20. African-Americans in post civil war america…

  21. Emergence of the “New South”

  22. The “New South” • Whites ensure that African-Americans have no social or political rights

  23. African-Americans in the New South • All of the gains blacks had made during Reconstruction are gone

  24. Blacks and the Republican Party • African-Americans felt as if they had been betrayed by the Republican Party

  25. Blacks and the Democratic Party • Blacks would not support the Democrats on a large-scale basis • White, southern, conservative political party

  26. Who Could Blacks Support? • Greenback Party • Readjuster Party

  27. 3rd Parties • Never able to achieve the same success as the Democrats or the Republicans • Goals of African-Americans are never their primary focus

  28. The Populist Party

  29. The Populist Party

  30. Election of 1892

  31. James B Weaver

  32. Populist Party • Seen as the best alternative to Southern racism • Wanted farmers of all races to unite against the government • Most popular in the South and Midwest

  33. Marion Butler (SC)

  34. Tom Watson

  35. Tom Watson

  36. African Americans and the Populist Party • Promised African-Americans civil and political rights • Did NOT promise social equality

  37. The South and the Populist Party • White supremacy remained more important than Populist ideals • Whites were not willing to vote against the Democratic Party

  38. The Populist Party • Were incorporated into the Democratic Party by 1896 • Stopped being a viable alternative for change

  39. Blacks and Politics • Blacks still saw Republicans as the “Party of Lincoln” • Democrats and Republicans know this • Have no incentive to change their politics

  40. Meanwhile the KKK Continued Their Tactics…

  41. Voter Intimidation

  42. Disfranchisement Techniques • Target anyone who opposed the Democratic Party (scalawags, carpetbaggers) but mostly impacted African Americans

  43. Disfranchisement Techniques • Poll Tax • Grandfather clause • Literacy test • “Understanding” • White primary • Residency requirement • Property Qualifications • Moral Stipulations • “Good Character” Clause

  44. Impact of Disfranchisement Techniques: Immediate and Tremendous • Louisiana • 1894- 130,300 Black Voters • 1900- 1350 Black Voters

  45. Rebecca Latimer Fenton

  46. Rebecca Latimer Felton

  47. Reaction of Northern Whites to Disfranchisement…

  48. Reaction of Northern Whites • Not really concerned • Focused on issues in the north • Racist

  49. Blacks were not content with the loss of their rights…

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