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The Magnet Lab: Magnets Is What We Do!

The Magnet Lab: Magnets Is What We Do!. Carlos R. Villa National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. National Science Teachers Association San Antonio, Texas April, 2013. NHMFL Overview. One of three national labs in the Southeast U.S. One of twelve high magnetic field labs in the world

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The Magnet Lab: Magnets Is What We Do!

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  1. The Magnet Lab:Magnets Is What We Do! Carlos R. Villa National High Magnetic Field Laboratory National Science Teachers Association San Antonio, Texas April, 2013

  2. NHMFL Overview • One of three national labs in the Southeast U.S. • One of twelve high magnetic field labs in the world • Only one in western hemisphere • Largest and highest powered in the world

  3. NHMFL Overview • User laboratory • Over 1100 user visits (2010) • NSF & State of Florida funded • Research free to scientist • Research in many fields (Not just magnets!!) • Materials Science, Physics, Engineering, Chemistry, Biology, Biomedical, Geochemistry, Microscopy…

  4. Center for Integrating Research & Learning • Educational component of NHMFL’s grant • RET programs (more on that later…) • K-12 education outreach • 11,000 students visited this school year • Professional development • Workshops and conferences

  5. Center for Integrating Research & Learning • Educational component of NHMFL’s grant • K-12 education outreach • 10,961 students visited this school year • Professional development • Workshops and conferences facebook.com/MaglabEducation

  6. Special Opportunity: RET 2013 • RET program • 6 weeks in the summer • $3600 stipend

  7. Magnet Review • Gauss • Measurement of magnetic field • Named for Carl Friedrich Gauss • Tesla • Measurement of larger magnetic fields • Named for Nikola Tesla • 10,000 Gauss = 1 Tesla

  8. Some Magnetic Fields (In Tesla) • Refrigerator magnet: • Earth’s magnetic field: • Person’s magnetic field: • Junkyard magnet: • MRI magnet: .03 T .000045 T 3 x10-13 T 1 T 2-3 T

  9. Some NHMFL Magnetic Fields • NHMFL ICR magnet: • Ionic Cyclotron Resonance • NHMFL 900 Mhz • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance • NHMFL resistive magnet • NHMFL split cell • NHMFL hybrid magnet • Resistive and superconducting • NHMFL pulse magnet • Not continuous field • 9.4 T • 21 T • 20-35 T • 25 T • 45 T • 100.7 T • First reached on 3/23/2012

  10. Magnetic Metals • Not all metals are magnetic • 3 are naturally magnetic • Iron • Nickel • Cobalt

  11. Magnetite • Fe(II)Fe(III)2O4 • Naturally magnetic igneous rock • Usually found in marine sands and deserts • Largest US deposit in NY (Adirondacks) • Lodestone found In Arkansas • Different crystalline structure

  12. Atomic Theory • Atomos • Indestructible • The atom • Proton • Neutron • Electron

  13. Magnetism • Motion of electrons create magnetic fields • In some atoms, spins cancel out • Pauli exclusion • Whenever all electrons spin the same direction: magnetic field is produced • Magnetic domains • In magnets: lined up

  14. Permanent Magnets • Electrons tend to line up in groups (Domains) • Domains reinforce other domains • Turn material magnetic • Examples: Refrigerator Magnets, Bar Magnets, Magnetite, Horseshoe Magnets, Hematite, etc… • Field can be lost • Curie Point • Electric Current • Degaussing • Bang It

  15. Temporary Magnets • Domains temporarily aligned • Will keep magnetic field until tampered • Examples: • Paperclips, scissors, staples, thumb tacks, pins, screwdrivers, refrigerator door, car doors, etc… • Anything that is magnetic, but will not keep its field

  16. Viewing Field Lines • Field viewers • Box photo frames • Iron filings • Use with paper • Clean-up can be a mess

  17. Drawing Field Lines • Seeing fields • Bar magnet • As many compasses as possible

  18. Create A Compass • Magnetize an item • Allow it to float • Must turn freely • Needle • Petri dish • Coffee stirrer • Water • Permanent magnet

  19. Electricity and Magnetism • The two are so closely related • Where there is electricity, there is a magnetic field • Where there is a magnetic field, electricity can be created

  20. Creating Magnetism From Electricity • Electricity is the movement of electrons • Electrons flow in one direction • This alignment of electrons creates a magnetic field • Similar to electrons lining up in a permanent magnet • So every wire carrying electricity has a weak magnetic field around it • Coiling the wire concentrates the magnetic field inside the coil

  21. Electromagnets • Materials • Copper wire • Iron rod • Battery • Extensions: • 2 batteries • In line? • Aluminum, wooden rod • Will they work?

  22. Electromagnets Extensions: • Right hand rule • Direction of field • Poles (Winding direction) • Variables: • Neatness • Number of winds • Wire gauge • Battery strength • Temperature

  23. Bitter Plates

  24. Bitter Plates

  25. Iron In Our Food • Iron in cereal • Total • Baby food • Need a strong magnet • Neodymium

  26. A special solution of magnetic particles in a colloidal suspension whose flow can be controlled by magnets or magnetic fields. Ferrofluids

  27. Ferrofluids • Make your own: • Oil, petri dish, magnet • Please be careful • Iron filings: • Education Innovations • Post Apple Scientific • Actual ferrofluids available: • Carolina Biological • Educational Innovations

  28. Cow Magnets

  29. Additional Resources Stop Faking It: Electricity & Magnetism Bill Robertson Driving Force: The Natural Magic of Magnets James D. Livingston

  30. Additional Resources • http://education.magnet.fsu.edu • MagLab Alpha; Science, Optics, & You; other curriculum • MagLab audio slideshows • RET Program • K-12 Programs • MagLab Educator’s Club

  31. Before I Forget • Business cards • Please do not hesitate to contact me with questions, ideas, suggestions, etc…

  32. Thank You Carlos R. Villa National High Magnetic Field Laboratory villa@magnet.fsu.edu • 850-644-7191

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