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Cancer Awareness

Cancer Awareness. Ekweghariri, Sam Reservoir Engineer/ Cymric, Asset Development. Origin of Cancer.

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Cancer Awareness

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  1. Cancer Awareness Ekweghariri, Sam Reservoir Engineer/ Cymric, Asset Development

  2. Origin of Cancer Cancer was characterized as a crablike disease by the Greek physician Hippocrates who described cancer using Greek terms "carcinos" and "carcinoma" to refer to chronic ulcers or growths that seemed to be malignant tumors. Celsus a Roman doctor, later translated the Greek word "carcinos" into the word "cancer", a Latin word meaning crab or crayfish. Many cancers are of unknown primary origin, which further compounds the possibility tracing and isolating the affected cells for treatment. It’s known to develop anywhere in the body and at any age in a persons life. Unlike most other diseases, it’s not infectious nor contagious.

  3. Uncontrollable Factors • Gene mutations promoting premature and sporadic cell division. • Mutations in tumor suppressor genes • Chromosomal abnormalities (HPV) • Chemicals • Exposure to ionizing radiation (X-Rays) • Carcinogens (Arsenic, asbestos, nickel and Benzene) Causes of Cancer • Controllable Factors • Viruses • The human papillomavirus (HPV) known to cause genital warts • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) known to cause infectious mononucleosis • Human Immune Virus (HIV) known to cause AIDS

  4. Types of Cancer • Asbestos and Cancer • Bladder Cancer • Bowel Cancer • Brain Cancer • Breast Cancer • Cancer of the Uterus • Cervical Cancer • Kidney Cancer • Leukaemia • Liver Cancer • Lung Cancer • Lymphoma • Ovarian Cancer • Prostate Cancer • Skin Cancer • Stomach Cancer

  5. Lung Cancer • Shortness of breath • Persistent cough • Unexplained weight loss • Blood stained sputum • Repeated chest pain • Repeated chest infections • Throat Cancer • Persistent cough • Persistent hoarsness • Cancer of the Oesophagus • Difficulty in swallowing • Ovarian Cancer • Lower abdominal discomfort • Mild indigestion • Bleeding between periods • Abdominal swelling • Pain in pelvis • Tiredness • Weight loss • Stomach Cancer • Persistent indigestion • Loss of appetite • Problems with swallowing • Unexplained weight loss • Black stool (faeces) • Bowel Cancer • Rectal bleeding • Change in bowel habit • Colicky pain • Feeling of incomplete bowel emptying Symptoms of Cancer

  6. Skin Cancer • Sore that does not heal • Any change in a wart or mole • Cancer of the Bladder • Any change in urinary habits • Frequency or difficulty in passing urine • Blood or pus in the urine • Pain or burning during urination • Cancer of the Uterus or Cervix • Unusual bleeding or discharge • Unusual vaginal bleeding • Unusual vaginal discharge • Abdominal pain or lower back pain • Prostate Cancer • Difficulty in passing urine • Frequency in passing urine • Incontinence • Blood or pus in the urine • Testicular Cancer • Lump or swelling in either testicle • Pain or heaviness • Lower abdominal pain • Dull ache in groin • Breast Cancer • Lump or thickening • Retraction of nipple • Discharge from nipple • Skin dimpling or puckering • Change in shape • Swollen glands under your arm Symptoms of Cancer

  7. Cancer Detection • Physical examination • Imaging studies (X-rays, Radionuclear scanning, ultrasound, CT scan, bone scans and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)) • Endoscopy (To obtain biopsy) • Laboratory tests (Blood tests)

  8. Cancer Statistics

  9. Proportions of different cancers in childhood

  10. Treatment • Surgery • Radiation therapy • Chemotherapy • Hormone therapy • Immunotherapy • Vaccine • Antigen vaccines • Anti-idiotype vaccines • Dendritic cell vaccines • DNA vaccines • Tumor cell vaccines

  11. Reference American Cancer Society: Cancer Facts and Figures 2007. Atlanta, Ga: American Cancer Society, 2007 Lipworth L, Tarone RE, McLaughlin JK: The epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma. Journal of Urology 176(6 pt 1):2353-2358, 2006. Kentucky (USA) in 1993 based on data provided by the Kentucky Cancer Registry Stiller CA, Allen MB, Eatock EM. Childhood Cancer in Britain: The National Registry of Childhood Tumours and Incidence Rates 1978-1987. European Journal of Cancer 1995; 31A:2028-2034. www.howstuffworks.com www.cancer.org www.cancer.gov

  12. Links http://www.cancer.org http://www.cancer.gov/ http://plan.cancer.gov/ www.aicr.org.uk www.SkinCancerTakesFriends.org

  13. “If children have the ability to ignore all odds and percentages, then maybe we can all learn from them. When you think about it, what other choice is there but to hope? We have two options, medically and emotionally: give up, or Fight Like Hell.” --Lance Armstrong Aluta Continua, Victoria Acerta!

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