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BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb- Pig

BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb- Pig. Andrzej A. Sosnicki May 3, 2011. BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb- Pig. SYNOPSIS Skeletal Muscle Development & Growth Embryonic IMPRINTING: Its Implications for Performance and Carcass Value

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BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb- Pig

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  1. BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb-Pig Andrzej A. Sosnicki May 3, 2011

  2. BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb-Pig SYNOPSIS Skeletal Muscle Development & Growth Embryonic IMPRINTING: Its Implications for Performance and Carcass Value Muscle Fiber Types: Their Effects on Muscle Growth (and Meat Quality) Year 2011: Live Performance & Carcass Composition of the 350 lb. Pig Year 2011: Carcass value of the 350 lb. Pig in Integrated Systems Year 2011-2020 – Final Thoughts to Ponder

  3. Productivity Growth (Kg/Breeding Female) 1974 – 2010 = 133%

  4. Plasticity of the Neuro-Muscular System 2011 Boston Marathon Winner’s Time: 2 Hrs., 3 Min., 2 Sec.

  5. Cross Section of a Developing Fasiculus of the Loin Muscle from a 4” Pig Fetus PRIMARY Fetal Fibers SECONDARY Fetal Fibers SECONDARY Fetal Fibers Being Formed While Still Apposed to Primary Fibers Myoblasts or Fibroblasts Swatland, H. J., 1973. Journal of Animal Science 37:536-545

  6. Mature Muscle Fiber Types: How Many and What Kind? PRIMARY= Type I = SMALL SIZE (CSA) – Slow-Contracting, Oxidative, “Red” SECONDARY = Type IIa & IIx: MEDIUM SIZE (CSA) – Fast Contracting, Oxidative & Glycolytic, “White” SECONDARY = Type IIB -- LARGE SIZE (CSA) – Fast Contracting, Glycolytic, “White”

  7. NERVE ACTIN FILAMENT SARCOMERE BUNDLE OF FIBERS MUSCLE MUSCLE CELL (FIBER) MYOSIN FILAMENT FILAMENTS CONNECTIVE TISSUE NUCLEI MEMBRANE MYOFIBRIL

  8. Growth of Loin Muscle as Percentage of Birth Weight Swatland, H. J., 1973. Journal of Animal Science 37:536-545

  9. Lefaucheur, L. ICoMST, 2009

  10. University of Wisconsin - PIC Study Type I Type IIA

  11. Pig Live Weight and Meat Quality • 40 lb. Increase in Market Wt*.: • Loin pH .024 • Subj. Japanese Color Score .056 • Loin Minolta L* .168 * 2010 PIC Growth-Curve and Carcass Value Study: Live Weight Range 300-340 Lbs.

  12. Influence of Birth Weight on Postnatal Growth and Fiber Characteristics at 112 Kg BW in Pigs

  13. Effect of Birth Weight on Robustness Nursery survivability; quadratic, P < 0.04 Full-value pigs; quadratic, P < 0.002 Pre-wean survivability; quadratic, P < 0.0001

  14. Effect of Birth Weight on Carcass Weight Hot carcass weight; quadratic, P < 0.0001 Lifetime average daily carcass gain; quadratic, P < 0.0001

  15. Effect of Birth Weight on Carcass Quality Loin depth; quadratic, P < 0.002 Backfat thickness; linear, P < 0.0002

  16. Lactic Acid ATP EBV Development for Physiological Fitness CHO

  17. BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb-Pig SYNOPSIS Skeletal Muscle Development & Growth Embryonic IMPRINTING: Its Implications for Performance and Carcass Value Muscle Fiber Types: Their Effects on Muscle Growth (and Meat Quality) Year 2011: Live Performance & Carcass Composition of the 350 lb. Pig Year 2011: Carcass value of the 350 lb. Pig in Integrated Systems Year 2011-2020 – Final Thoughts to Ponder

  18. PIC337RG x Camborough Pigs Growth Curve 350 lb. Market Wt. 212 Days of Age 350 lb. Market Wt. in 2016:207 Days of Age 1,556 Kcal ME Diets

  19. PIC337RG x Camborough Pigs Feed Conversion – Cumulative From On Test 350 lb. Market Wt. 2.69 GF FCR 350 lb. Market Wt. in 2016:2.56GF FCR 1,556 Kcal ME Diets

  20. PIC337RG x Camborough Pigs Carcass Backfat Thickness 264 lb. Carcass Wt. in 2016:20.9 mm (.82 in.) BF 264 lb. Carcass Wt. 22.4 mm (.88 in.) BF 1,556 Kcal ME Diets

  21. PIC337RG x Camborough Pigs Carcass Loin Depth 264 lb. Carcass Wt. 73.5 mm (2.89 in.) LD 264 lb. Carcass Wt. in 2016:75.0 mm (2.95 in.) LD 1,556 Kcal ME Diets

  22. PIC337RG x Camborough Pigs Total Primal Weight 264 lb. Carcass Wt. 226.4 lb. Primal Wt. 22.3 lb. Boston Butt 26.5 lb. Picnic 35.9 lb. Belly 60.6 lb. Ham 68.8 lb. Loin 12.4 lb. Spareribs 264 lb. Carcass Wt. in 2016:> 226.4 lb. of Primal Weight 1,556 Kcal ME Diets

  23. BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb-Pig SYNOPSIS Skeletal Muscle Development & Growth Embryonic IMPRINTING: Its Implications for Performance and Carcass Value Muscle Fiber Types: Their Effects on Muscle Growth (and Meat Quality) Year 2011: Live Performance & Carcass Composition of the 350 lbs Pig Year 2011: Carcass value of the 350 lb. Pig in Integrated Systems Year 2011-2020 – Final Thoughts to Ponder

  24. PIC337RG x Camborough PigsTotal Primal Value / lb. of Hot Carcass Wt. Economic Assumptions: Housing Costs = $ .11 / day Feed Costs = $ .121 / lb. Feeder Pig Cost = $ 70.00 Transport Costs = $ 3.89 or $ 4.38 / pig Processing Costs = $ 30.00 / pig USDA Carlot Pork Prices – January 1 to March 31, 2011

  25. PIC337RG x Camborough Pigs Boneless Loin, Ham, and Belly Value / lb. of Hot Carcass Wt. Economic Assumptions: Housing Costs = $ .11 / day Feed Costs = $ .121 / lb. Feeder Pig Cost = $ 70.00 Transport Costs = $ 3.89 or $ 4.38 / pig Processing Costs = $ 30.00 / pig 1,556 Kcal ME Diets

  26. BIOLOGY of the ‘Very Plastic’ 350 lb-Pig • Final Thoughts to Ponder • Biological ‘Plasticity’ of the Pig Enables Altering Skeletal Muscle Growth Efficiency and Body/Carcass Composition Without Compromising the Animals’ Biological Viability at Heavy Weights. • 2011 Results Clearly Indicate that PIC Full-Program Genetics is Already Economically Producing 350 lb. Commercial Pigs. • Commercialization of Producing 350 lb. Pigs Will Require Concerted Efforts of Geneticists, Nutritionists, Production Specialists, Animal Behaviorists, Meat Scientists and Food Engineers to Insure its Success.

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