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Chapter 17 Section 2

Chapter 17 Section 2. The War for Europe and north Africa. 12/22/41-Churchill arrives at White House Creating war plans w/ FDR Defeat of Germany made top priority. War Plans. FDR considered Hitler #1 enemy of US Stalin desperate for help against invading Nazis

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Chapter 17 Section 2

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  1. Chapter 17 Section 2 The War for Europe and north Africa

  2. 12/22/41-Churchill arrives at White House Creating war plans w/ FDR Defeat of Germany made top priority War Plans

  3. FDR considered Hitler #1 enemy of US Stalin desperate for help against invading Nazis Only w/ Germany out of the way could Britain and Soviet Union help the US against Japan Why Germany

  4. 2nd decision-Allies would accept only unconditional surrender from Axis Powers War Plans

  5. Hitler ordered submarine raids against America east coast Germans sank 87 American ships in 1st 4 months of 1942 7 months in Nazis sunk 681 allied ships in Atlantic Battle of the Atlantic

  6. Allies responded w/ convoys Escorted with destroyers equipped w/ sonar Planes used radar to locate subs on the ocean’s surface By May 1943-germans lost more subs than they could produce Battle of the Atlantic

  7. 1939-1940 US built only 102 ships Early 1943- 140 Liberty ships being built each month Launching of ships now outnumbered ships being sunk Mid 1943- Nazis no longer had control of Atlantic Battle of the Atlantic

  8. German invasion of SU halted at Moscow Nazis had to head south to replenish oil supply Had 2 goals Seize oil rich Caucasus Mtns. Capture Stalingrad Major industrial center on Volga River Battle of Stalingrad

  9. Nazis approach Stalingrad summer 1942 Luftwaffe bombed city Every wooden building set ablaze Stalin ordered city to be defended at all costs Battle of Stalingrad

  10. Germans pressed on for 3 months Hand to hand combat By Sept. Nazis controlled 9/10 of the city November-Soviets counterattack German officers begged Hitler to allow a retreat Hitler refused Battle of Stalingrad

  11. Winter set in 2/2/43 91,000 Germans surrendered Soviets lost 1,250,000 people defending Stalingrad Turning point in war Soviets now steadily moving westward toward Germany Battle of Stalingrad

  12. Operation Torch-the invasion of Axis controlled North Africa Commanded by general Dwight D. Eisenhower North Africa

  13. Nov. 1942- 107,000 Allied troops land in Casablanca, Oran, and Algiers Move eastward chasing the Nazi Afrika Korps led by general Erwin Rommel Afrika Korps surrender in may 1943 North Africa

  14. Sicily captured in summer of 1943 Italians war weary 7/25/43- Italian King stripped Mussolini of power Mussolini arrested Hitler seized control of Italy-reinstates Mussolini The Italian Campaign

  15. 18 months of fighting followed 4/28/45 Italians helping the allies ambush Nazi convoy Found Mussolini disguised as a German soldier Killed him Hung up his body in a Milan square The Italian Campaign

  16. US & Britain built invasion force for 2 years Ships, landing crafts, 3 million soldiers Invasion would target Normandy, France Allies begin by bombing supply routes D-Day

  17. D-Day- day of the invasion of Hitler’s Europe-June 6, 1944 British, American and Canadian troops attack 5 points along 60 miles of beach D-Day

  18. 156,000 troops 4,000 landing craft 600 war ships 11,000 planes Largest land/sea/air operation in history German retaliation was brutal D-Day

  19. Allies hold beach Within 1 month- landed 1 million soldiers, 567,000 tons of supplies, 170,000 vehicles D-Day

  20. August 25-Allied forces, many under the direction of General George Patton liberate Paris D-Day

  21. By September 1944-Allies had liberated France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and much of the Netherlands Also in 1944-Americans re-elect FDR to 4th term New VP Harry S. Truman FDR win again

  22. October 44-Americans capture 1st German town Hitler counterattacks 12/16/44 Germans break through American lines Resulted in a massive dent in the Allied lines Battle of the Bulge

  23. Battle of the Bulge • Battle raged on for a month • Germans pushed back • Germans lost 120,000 troops, 600 tanks, 1,600 planes-men and weapons they could not replace

  24. Allied troops moving east Soviet troops moving west Soviets 1st to encounter a death camp-Poland Nazis working hard to destroy evidence Liberation of Death Camps

  25. 4/25/45- Soviets storm Berlin Hitler hiding in bunker Marries Eva Braun on 4/29 Writes his last message to German people-Blames Jews for starting war and his generals for losing it Unconditional Surrender

  26. 4/30/45- Hitler commits suicide Had his body burned May 8, 1945 Victory in Europe (V-E) Day 1st part of war over Unconditional Surrender

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