HISTORY OF UK 4. From The Tudor Period to The Stuarts and English Revolution

1. Gymnázium Pavla Jozefa Šafárika Kód ITMS projektu: 26110130661 Názov projektu: Kvalitou vzdelávania otvárame brány VŠ HISTORY OF UK 4.From The Tudor Period to The Stuarts and English Revolution

2. Obsah • The Tudor Period (1485-1603) • The Stuarts and English Revolution (1603-1688) • Quick Quiz

3. The Tudor Period 1485 Battle of Bosworth – The Wars of the Roses victor – Henry VII – Henry Tudor founded a new monarchy

4. The Tudor Period 1485 - 1603 • a turning point in English history – one of the leading world • powers The Rise of England (the 16th century): • The great geographical discoveries – America, India

5. The Tudor Period • 2) The progressive character – socio-economic, political system: • early decline of feudalism • cooperation monarchy – bourgeoisie • Reformation – the Church of England • the defeat of the Spanish Armada The Age of Renaissance Two famous rulers: Henry VIII., Elizabeth I.

6. The Tudor Period HENRY VIII. (1509-1547) • had 6 wives „To be a good king means to have a boy-decsendant.“ (to Henry VIII.) HENRY VII.

8. The Tudor Period 1. Catherine of Aragon • his first wife (Catholic), Henry VIII. brother´s wife (Spanish) • daughter - Mary (Bloody Mary) • Divorced (Pope did not give a permission) 2. Anne Boleyn • young and pretty, 3 years marriage • Executed- beheaded (accused of having lover)

9. The Tudor Period 3. Jane Seymour • one year marriage • son- Edward • Died (illness) 4. Anne of Cleves • uggly and old – did not like her • Alliance with Germany • Divorced (7 month)

10. The Tudor Period 5. Catherine Howard • 2 years marriage • Young and pretty, king – old fat – she had lover • Executed - Beheaded 6. Catherine Parr • 4 years marriage • King – old and ill – look after him

11. The Tudor Period „To be a good king means to have a boy-decsendant.“ (to Henry VIII.) HENRY VII. „To be a good king means to be a good man.“ (to Edward) HENRY VIII.

12. The Tudor Period HENRY VIII. (1509-1547) • 1) Carried out Reformation in 1534 (Pope refused him to divorce Catherine of Aragon, broke away from the Roman Catholic Church – founded the Church of England – he proclaimed himself the head. • 2) Despotical ruler – victim - Sir Thomas More - Utopia

13. The Tudor Period ELIZABETH I. (1558-1603) The Elizabethan Age - encouraged trading expeditions – combined with piracy (Sir Walter Raleigh and Sir Francis Drake) - 1558 destroyed Spanish Armada – England the most powerful country in the world - unmarried, died without an heir – THE VIRGIN QUEEN - William Shakespeare (1564-1616) - playwright

14. The Stuarts and the English Revolution (1603-1688) • Elizabeth I – died without an heir • the English Trone – inherited • - James VI, King of Scotland (son of her cousine) – James I. • The alliance between the bourgeoisie and the monarchy came to an end • The development of capitalism – the bourgeoisie richer – the King and the old feudal aristocracy - poorer 14 14

15. The Stuarts and the English Revolution TWO OPPOSING CAMPS IN THE COUNTRY 1) THE ROYALIST – The King´s party – establish the Church of England • 2) PARLIAMENT – bourgeoisie – Puritanism – to purify the Church of Catholic worship • The Presbyterians – compromise with the King • The Independents – fight to the end – Oliver Cromwell

16. The Stuarts and the English Revolution THE CIVIL WAR (1640-1649) The Puritan armies, commanded by Cromwell – won, king Charles I. (2nd Stuart King) - executed

17. The Stuarts and the English Revolution THE COMMONWEALTH (1649-1660) - After the execusion of the King, the monarchy and the House of Lords were abolished • England was declared a republic under the name of The Commonwealth – Oliver Cromwell – at its head – Lord Protector – • régime of military dictatorship – people were disapointed • After Cromwell´s death – The Restoration (1660-1668) – King Charles II. – depent on Parliament, nat affort to rule without it

18. The Stuarts and the English Revolution THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION (1688) • When Charles II. died – was succedded by his brother • James II. (to restore Catholicism+ absolute monarchy) • – parliamentary leaders deposed him, offered the crown – William of Orange (a Dutch Protestatn Prince) and hid wife Mary 18

19. The Stuarts and the English Revolution THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION (1688) • When William landed in England in 1688 – no opposition – became King William III and queen Mary II • not really a „revolution“ – masses did not take part in it 1689 – The Bill of Rights 19 19

20. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER Who were the two most important rulers of Tudor period? a) Oliver Cromwell b) Henry VIII. c) Elizabeth I.

21. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER How many wives did Henry VIII. have? a) 5 b) 6 c)8

22. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER How many wives of Henry VIII. were executed? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 22

23. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER Why was Henry VIII. important in history? a) Establish Church of England b) Destroyed Spanish Armada c) Created Commonwealth 23 23

24. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER Why was Elizabeth I. important in history? a) Establish Church of England b) Destroyed Spanish Armada c) Created Commonwealth 24 24 24

25. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER Who led the Puritans armies during Civil war? a) James I. b) Chrales I. c) Oliver Cromwell 25 25

26. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER What was the official title of Oliver Cromwell? a) The Commonwealth b) The King c) The Lord Protector 26

27. QUICK QUIZ CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER What was not the Glorious revolution a „revolution“? a) few people died b) only the king died c) masses did not take part in 27 27

28. POUŽITÉ ZDROJE • https://www.pinterest.com/ducksmomma/henry-the-8th-i-am/ • VESELÝ, K.: The English speaking countries – Reálie anglicky mluvícíh zemí. Praha: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství 1985. 15-18 s.