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VPMP POLYTECHNIC,GANDHINAGAR

VPMP POLYTECHNIC,GANDHINAGAR. Introduction to .NET and .NET Framework. Prepared By:- Shweta Patel (Lecturers - Computer Department). Topics Covered In This Presentation. 1.1 What is .NET? 1.2 NET Framework 1.2.1 Common Language Runtime (CLR) 1.2.2 Common Type System (CTS)

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VPMP POLYTECHNIC,GANDHINAGAR

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  1. VPMP POLYTECHNIC,GANDHINAGAR Introduction to .NET and .NET Framework Prepared By:- Shweta Patel (Lecturers - Computer Department)

  2. Topics CoveredIn This Presentation 1.1 What is .NET? 1.2 NET Framework 1.2.1 Common Language Runtime (CLR) 1.2.2 Common Type System (CTS) 1.2.3 Managed & Unmanaged Code 1.2.3 Common Language Specification (CLS) 1.3 The .NET Framework Class Library 1.3.1 Namespaces 1.3.2 Assemblies

  3. What is Microsoft .NET? Microsoft .NET (pronounced “dot net”) is a software component that runs on the Windows Operating System. It provides tools and libraries that enable developers to create Windows software much faster and easier. .NET is a software framework that includes everything required for developing software for web services. It integrates presentation technologies, component tech-neologies and data technologies on a single platform so as enable users to develop internet application as easily as they do on desktop system.

  4. What is Microsoft .NET? .NET benefits end-users by providing applications of higher capability, quality and security. .NET is the Microsoft’s Web services strategy to connect information, people, systems, and devices through software. .NET is a new framework for developing web-based and windows-based applications within the Microsoft environment.

  5. Advantages of .NET • Object-oriented programming • Good design • Language independence • Better support for dynamic web pages • Efficient data Access • Code sharing • Improved security • Zero impact installation • Support for web services

  6. What is Microsoft .NET? .NET Application .NET Framework Operating System + Hardware

  7. Microsoft .NET components: Microsoft .NET consists of four major components: • Common Language Specification (CLS) • Framework Class Library (FCL) • Common Language Runtime (CLR) • .NET Tools

  8. .NET Framework Visual Studio.NET VB C++ C# JScript … Common Language Specification ASP.NET: Web Services and Web Forms WindowsForms ADO.NET: Data and XML Base Class Library Common Language Runtime

  9. Common Language Runtime The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a core component of .NET In the CLR, code is expressed in a form of byte code called the Common Intermediate Language (CIL, previously known as MSIL—Microsoft Intermediate Language). Developers using the CLR write code in a language such as C# or VB.

  10. Common Language Runtime At compile time, a .NET compiler converts such code into CIL code. At runtime, the CLR's Just-In-Time compiler converts the CIL code into code native to the operating system. The Common Language Runtime (CLR) provides various Just-In-Time compilers (JIT) and each works on a different architecture depending on Operating System.

  11. Common Language Runtime

  12. CLR: Execution Model VB C# C++ Source code Unmanaged Component Compiler Compiler Compiler Managed code Assembly IL Code Assembly IL Code Assembly IL Code Common Language Runtime JIT Compiler Native Code Operating System Services

  13. Common Type System Common Type System (CTS) describes a set of types that can use different .NET languages have in common, which ensure that objects written in different languages can interact with each other. For example, ‘int’ in C# and ‘Integer’ in VB both refer to common predefined data type ‘Int32’ in MSIL (or CIL).

  14. Managed & Unmanaged Code Managed Code in Microsoft .NET Framework, is the code that has executed by the Common Language Runtime (CLR) environment. On the other hand, Unmanaged Code is directly executed by the computer's CPU. Data types, error-handling mechanisms, creation and destruction rules, and design guidelines vary between managed and unmanaged object models.

  15. Managed & Unmanaged Code The Managed Code running in a Common Language Runtime (CLR) cannot be accessed outside the runtime environment which makes the programs more isolated & the computers more secure. On the other hand, Unmanaged Code can bypass the .NET Framework and make direct calls to the Operating System presenting a major security risk. Hence, Managed code is designed to be more reliable and robust than Unmanaged code.

  16. Common Language Specification Common Language Specification (CLS) is a set of basic language features that .NET Languages needed to develop Applications and Services, which are compatible with the .NET Framework. Common Language Specification (CLS) ensures complete interoperability among applications, regardless of the language used to create the application by the use of Common Type System (CTS).

  17. .NET Framework Class Library The .NET Framework Class Library (FCL) provides the core functionality of .NET Framework Architecture. The .NET Framework Class Library (FCL) includes a huge collection of reusable classes, interfaces and value types that expedite and optimize the development process and provide access to system functionality.

  18. .NET FCL - Namespaces .NET FCL is organized in a hierarchical tree structure and it is divided into Namespaces. Namespaces is a logical grouping of types for the purpose of identification. The Classes are accessed by namespaces, which reside within Assemblies. The System Namespace is the root for all types in the .NET Framework. Whenever we want to refer to a sub-class of a class, or class of a particular namespace, we refer it by ‘NamespaceName.ClassName.Sub-className’. For e.g., to use ‘Data’ class of ‘System’ namespace, we write ‘System.Data’; and to use ‘SQL’ sub-class of ‘Data’, we write ‘System.Data.SQL’.

  19. System.Web System.WinForms Services UI Design ComponentModel Description HtmlControls Discovery WebControls Protocols System.Drawing Caching Security Drawing2D Printing Configuration SessionState Imaging Text System.Data System.Xml ADO SQL XSLT Serialization Design SQLTypes XPath System Collections IO Security Runtime InteropServices Configuration Net ServiceProcess Remoting Diagnostics Reflection Text Serialization Globalization Resources Threading .NET Framework Namespaces

  20. .NET FCL - Assemblies Microsoft .NET Assembly is a logical unit of code, it contains code that the CLR executes. During the compile time, Metadata is created with MSIL and stored in a file called a Manifest. Both Metadata and MSIL are together wrapped in a Portable Executable (PE) file. The information contained by the Manifest is called Assembly Manifest. It contains information about the members, types, references and all the other data that the runtime needs for execution.

  21. .NET FCL - Assemblies Every Assembly that is created contains one or more program files and a Manifest. There are two types of program files: Process Assemblies (EXE) and Library Assemblies (DLL). A Private Assembly is used only by a single application and usually stored in that application's install directory. A Shared Assembly is one that can be referenced by more than one application. If multiple applications need to access an Assembly, we should add the Assembly to the Global Assembly Cache (GAC).

  22. Metadata in Assembly Type Descriptions Classes Base classes Implemented interfaces Data members Methods Assembly Description Name Version Culture Other assemblies Security Permissions Exported Types

  23. Code Compilation & Execution Code Source Code Language Compiler MSIL Metadata Native Code JIT Compiler Compilation Also called Assembly (.EXE or .DLL file) Before installation or the first time each method is called Execution

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