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The Cell

The Cell. Review of Cell Theory Organelles of Plant and Animal Cells. Review of Cell Theory. 1. All living things are made of cells. 2. Cells are made from other cells. 3. Cells carry out the basic structure and function of all living things. Two Types of Cells. Prokaryotes

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The Cell

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  1. The Cell Review of Cell Theory Organelles of Plant and Animal Cells

  2. Review of Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells. 2. Cells are made from other cells. 3. Cells carry out the basic structure and function of all living things.

  3. Two Types of Cells Prokaryotes • First cells to evolve • No nucleus • Heredity information is contained in the cytoplasm • Ex: Bacteria Eukaryotes • Evolved from prokaryotes • Have a nucleus • Heredity information contained within the nucleus • Ex: Plants, Animals and Fungi

  4. The Cell Organelles Tiny, membrane-bound structures that perform special functions inside the cell.

  5. Cell Wall Only found surrounding plant, fungal and bacteria cells. Provides support and protection for the cell.

  6. Cell Membrane Surrounds all cells! In a plant cell, it lies beneath the cell wall. Provides the cell with protection and controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell.

  7. Nucleus Nuclear membrane Found in both plant and animal cells. Large, oval shape. Centrally located in the cell. Controls cell activities. Contains genetic information (DNA).

  8. Cytoplasm Found in both plant and animal cells. Clear, thick, jelly-like material. Located beneath the cell membrane. Supports and protects the organelles.

  9. Golgi Apparatus Found in both plant and animal cells. Looks like a flattened stack of membranes Processes and packages molecules, like proteins, that were made by the cell.

  10. Ribosomes Found in both plant and animal cells. Can be attached to the Endoplasmic membrane or floating free in the cytoplasm. Produces proteins.

  11. Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Found in both plant and animal cells. Network of tubes…like a city’s highway! Transports material throughout the cell. Two types: Rough (covered with ribosomes) Smooth (no ribosomes) Smooth

  12. Mitochondria Found in both plant and animal cells. Looks like a jellybean. Breaks down sugar molecules to release energy.

  13. Vacuoles Found in both plant and animal cells. In plant cells: very few and very large. In animal cells: many little ones. Fluid-filled sacs. Store food, water and waste.

  14. Lysosomes Found only in animal cells. Small and round in shape. Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller ones. Digests old cell parts.

  15. Chloroplasts Found only in plant cells. Oval shaped. Green in color due to chlorophyll. Uses energy from sun to make food for the plant.

  16. Animal Cells

  17. Plant Cells

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