Track and Field

1. Track and Field Body Systems Working Together Dr. Brendan Galvin, Dr. Maggie Sagui, Dr. Ella Luzzi, and Dr. Xavier Robles-Giron

2. Purpose How does breathing rate, heart rate, pulse, body temperature, and sweating change during exercise?

3. Hypothesis We think that breathing rate, heart rate, pulse, body temperature, and sweating will increase while doing exercise. We think so because the systems will have to work harder while doing exercise.

4. Materials • 1 Thermometer • 4 Thermometer Covers • 4 People • 1 Stopwatch • 2 Flights of Stairs

5. Procedure Measure Person 1’s Heart Rate While Standing for 30 seconds Measure Person 1’s Breathing Rate While Standing for 30 seconds Measure Person 1’s Pulse While Standing for 30 seconds Measure Person 1’s Body Temperature While Standing under Armpit See How Much Person 1 Is Sweating And Rate it Either: None, Little, Medium, or A Lot Have Person 1 Run Up and Down 2 Flight of Stairs Measure Heart Rate for 30 seconds Have Person 1 Run Up and Down 2 Flight of Stairs Measure Breathing Rate for 30 seconds Have Person 1 Run Up and Down 2 Flight of Stairs Measure Pulse for 30 seconds Have Person 1 Run Up and Down 2 Flight of Stairs Measure Body Temperature Under Armpit Have Person 1 Run Up and Down 2 Flight of Stairs See How Much Person 1 is sweating and Rate It Either: None, Little, Medium, or A Lot Repeat Steps 1-15 on Person 2, Person 3, and Person 4

6. Charts

7. Graphs

8. Conclusion Breathing rate, heart rate, pulse, body temperature, and sweating change during exercise. Our hypothesis was correct, they do change while doing exercise. We know that because in our charts the data we recorded while only standing differed from the data we recorded after running up and down the stairs. Besides sweating, everything increased for everyone which shows that the body was working harder during exercise. An error made in this experiment that could of affected our data is skipping steps. Another error that could of affected our data is not giving our body enough time to go back to normal after doing one run up and down the stairs. A third error that would definitely affect our data is miscounting. A question this experiment made us think of is if breathing rate, heart rate, pulse, body temperature, and sweating are different for boys and girls while doing exercise?

9. WhyDoTheseChangesHappen? These changes happen because the body is working harder when you exercise so sweat, heart rate, breath rate, pulse, and body temperature will increase. Heart rate increases because the heart is pumping blood faster , which is carrying the oxygen, to the muscles so they can function. Breath rate increases because the lungs are trying to get oxygen faster so the circulatory system can bring it to the muscles. Pulse increases because the blood travelling through you is going faster to deliver the oxygen faster. Body temperature is increasing because when you exercise your muscles are burning the energy so you can exercise. The reason that during exercise you start sweating is because homeostasis is trying to cool off the body. In order for the body to work during exercise you must have food that contains a lot of energy.

10. The Systems Working Together While Exercising In order for the body to exercise you need to eat foods that contain a lot of energy before exercising. In this the digestive system will be taking the energy out of the food and giving it to the circulatory system so that it can bring it to the muscles so that they can use the energy to function. The respiratory system must take in oxygen and give it to the circulatory system so that it can be brought to the brain and the muscles. The nervous system, which contains the brain, will not be able to tell the other systems how to do their job without the oxygen and the other systems will not know how to do their jobs. The muscles will not be able to function without the oxygen and the nutrition. When the muscles are using the energy the body heats up and homeostasis makes the body sweat to cool it down. If you eat junk food before exercising you not be able to run as long or as fast as someone who ate a healthy, nutritional meal, the reason is because the junk food doesn’t have all the nutrition needed to exercise. The respiratory system is also responsible for the carbon dioxide that the circulatory system has brought back for the respiratory to release out of the body. The key in being able to exercise is eating nutritionally before exercise.