Degrees of Freedom within the Pairing Gap

1. Degrees of Freedom within the Pairing Gap John Sharpey-Schafer ���, � University of Western Cape � University of Zululand � iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences

4. Level schemes � beta-bands

5. Greiner & Maruhn �Nuclear Models�

16. Configuration Dependent Pairing R. E. Griffin, A. D. Jackson and A. B. Volkov, Phys. Lett. 36B, 281 (1971). Suggested that ?pp � ?oo >> ?op for Actnide Nuclei where 02+ states were observed in (p,t) that were not pairing- or �-vibrations. W. I. van Rij and S. H. Kahana, Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 50 (1972). S. K. Abdulvagabova, S. P. Ivanova and N. I. Pyatov, Phys. Lett. 38B, 251 (1972). D. R. B�s, R. A. Broglia and B. Nilsson, Phys. Lett. 40B, 338 (1972). took up the suggestion I. Ragnarsson and R. A. Broglia, Nucl. Phys. A263, 315 (1976). coined the term �pairing isomers� for these 0+ states

27. CONCLUSIONS Blocking of the Coupling to |02+ > by the [505]11/2- oblate orbital confirms the microscopic structure of |02+ > The Tracking of |02+ > by its own ?-band demonstrates the nature of ?-bands and the status of |02+ > as a �Second Vacuum� The observation of structures in 128Ce, similar to those in 154Gd but based on a proton oblate orbital, demonstrates the generality of the interpretation of low-lying 0+ states The r�le of Configuration Dependent Pairing is Paramount

28. Many thanks to all my colleagues S M Mullins R A Bark E A Lawrie J J Lawrie J Kau F Komati P Maine S H T Murray N J Ncapayi P Vymers P Papka iThemba LABS + Stellenbosch University S P Bvumbi T E Madiba D G Roux JFS-S A Minkova INRNE, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia J Tim�r ATOMKI, Debrecen