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DIRECTING. Form Function. THE DIRECTOR. Interpreter Creator Benevolent dictator All knowing Writer, adapter Budget conscious Organized. AESTHETICS I. Function Why something is expressed Form How something is expressed Content What is expressed. AESTHETICS I I. Realism
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DIRECTING Form Function
THE DIRECTOR • Interpreter Creator • Benevolent dictator • All knowing • Writer, adapter • Budget conscious • Organized
AESTHETICS I • Function • Why something is expressed • Form • How something is expressed • Content • What is expressed
AESTHETICS I I • Realism • Content more than form • Close to reality as media allows • Modernism • Form more important than function • Illustrates emotion, not reality • Post Modernism • Content is most important • Audience participation
VISUALIZATION • Framing • Composition • Continuity • Sequences
FRAMING • Types of shots • XWS, LS, WS, MS, MCU • CU, XCU, 2-shot • Angles • POV, OS • Reverse angle • Low, high, angle • Overhead
MOVEMENT • Stable, mobile, unstable • Pan, tilt, pedestal • Dolly, truck, arc • Crane, boom • Aerial, body mount • Zoom
COMPOSITION I • Aspect ratio • 3 x 4 • 9 x 16 • Essential-critical area • 10% rule • Rules of thirds • Symmetry, asymmetry • Closure, cut-off points
COMPOSITION I I • Nose-look-move room • Depth-perspective • X, Y, Z axis • Moving shots, apparent movement • Scale-shape • Image quality
TRANSITIONS • Take-cut • Fade- dissolve - super • Wipe-split screen • Special effects • Keys, mattes • Blue screen • Digital effects
SCENE CONSTRUCTION • Shot-Sequence-Scene • Continuity • Pace, rhythm • Time control • Directionality • 180 degree rule
SOUND & IMAGE INTERACTION • On vs. off screen • Communitive vs. actual • Synch vs. non-synch • Parallel vs. contrapuntal • Matching Pix to Sound • Matching Sound to Pix
PRE-PRODUCTION PLANNING • Director follows shooting script p. 134 • Storyboards, shot lists • Director decides framing, transitions • OFF-SET before studio • With TD & LD/DC’s advice/approval
PRODUCTION COORDINATION • Meetings • Casting • Rehearsals • Blocking p. 139 • Performers • Camera
MULTIPLE CAMERA DIRECTING I • Advance planning critical • Can’t back up and restart • Viewing 2-5 cameras simultaneously • Calling all shows, audio • Maintain timing, pacing, running time • Precision Back timing
MULTIPLE CAMERA DIRECTING I I • Switcher p. 142 • Busses-program, preview, mix/effects • Switching • On command from director • Command of preparation-ready/stand-bye • Command of execution-same order
SINGLE CAMERA DIRECTING I • Film or video • Careful advance planning • Freedom to change during production • Efficiency critical • Shooting sequence • Most expensive, then cheaper • WS, groups, individual • Cut-aways, cut-ins
SINGLE CAMERA DIRECTING I I • Script marking p. 143 • Shooting ratios • Difference in calls • Stand-bye • Roll, (Wait) • Slate • Action • Cut (only by director)