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Explore the influential Spanish-American War of the late 1800s, focusing on expansion in Latin America, Pacific islands, and China. Discover the key events, like the Cuban Rebellion, steps to war, and the Treaty of Paris, in this pivotal era of American history.
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Focus of Expansion- Late 1800s • 1. Latin America • 2. Islands in Pacific • 3. China
Latin America • Forced Chile’s government to pay reparations to sailor’s families • Stopped a rebellion in Brazil • Citing the Monroe Doctrine, forced England out of Venezuela
Cuban Rebellion • Controlled by Spain, but the Cubans revolted periodically. • Rebellion of 1895 was met with thousands of troops and concentration camps for Cubans • Cuban exiles, led by journalist Jose Marti, called for U.S. intervention
Possible Reasons for Helping • 1. U.S. sugar plantations were being destroyed • 2. Newspaper battle between Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst strongly exaggerated the situation • Yellow Journalism: sensational writing
Steps to War • More revolt in 1898---McKinley sent the USS Maine to patrol the harbor and protect U.S. citizens and property. • February 15, 1898 an explosion sank the Maine and killed over 250 soldiers. • Cause of explosion is unsure
War!! • April 11, 1898 after demands were sent to Spain, Congress declared war. • First attack came in Spanish controlled Philippines(pg. 522) • The Rough Riders, led by Teddy Roosevelt, gained victory at San Juan Hill(most famous battle)
Domination • The Spanish had no chance and the strength of the new U.S. Navy was being displayed. • Only about 400 Americans were killed in battle, the rest from tropical disease, food poisoning, poor medical care • Earned the nickname “a splendid little war”
Treaty of Paris…Again • Signed with Spain in 1898 • 1. It recognized Cuba’s independence • 2. For $20 million, Spain gave up Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico