1 / 12

Organic chemistry for medicine and biology students Chem 2311 Chapter 2 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Dive into the world of hydrocarbons with a focus on alkanes and cycloalkanes in this comprehensive chapter. Learn about the saturated and unsaturated nature of these compounds, their structures, nomenclature, and physical properties. Explore conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes, as well as reactions involving chlorination. Prof. Dr. Adel M. Awadallah shares insights for students at the Islamic University of Gaza.

mcelfresh
Download Presentation

Organic chemistry for medicine and biology students Chem 2311 Chapter 2 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Organic chemistry for medicine and biology students Chem 2311 Chapter 2 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes By Prof. Dr. Adel M. Awadallah Islamic University of Gaza

  2. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Hydrocarbons(contain only carbon and hydrogen) • Saturated: (Contain only single bonds) Alkanes (CnH2N + 2 ) Cycloalkanes (CnH2N ) b)Unsaturated: contain Alkenes: double bonds (,,,CnH2N) Alkynes: triple bonds ((CnH2N - 2) Aromatic: benzene like compounds

  3. The structure of alkanes

  4. Alkyl groups

  5. Nomenclature of substituted alkanes • Choose the largest continuous chain • Start numbering (lowest possible numbering) • List substituents alphabitically. • Use di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca for identical groups Examples

  6. If there are two equally long continuous chains, choose the one with most branches

  7. Physical properties of alkanes • 1) Water insoluble • 2) low boiling point, which increases upon increasing the number of carbons in the alkane • 3) branched alkanes have lower boiling points than the corresponding long chain alkanes

  8. Conformations of Alkanes: • Conformers: Stereoisomers that are interconvertible by bond rotation

  9. Cycloalkanes:

  10. Conformations of Cyclohexane

  11. Reactions of Alkanes:

  12. Draw the monochloro and dichloro products expected from chlorination of propane

More Related