Organic chemistry for medicine and biology students Chem 2311 Chapter 5 Stereochemistry

1. Organic chemistry for medicine and biology students Chem 2311 Chapter 5 Stereochemistry By Prof. Dr. Adel M. Awadallah Islamic University of Gaza

2. Stereochemistry Isomers: different compounds having the same molecular formula

6. A chiral molecule is one that is optically active • A racemic mixture (racemic modification) is one with equal ratios of enantiomers (50:50 mixture)

7. Configuration and the R-S Convention

10. Examples

11. Compounds with more than one stereogenic center; (Diasteriomers)

14. Properties of enantiomers and diastereomers • A) Enantiomers • Have the same physical properties except for direction of rotation of plane polarized light • Have the same chemical properties except for their reaction with other chiral molecules • (This usually seen in their biological activity) • B) Diastereomers • Have different physical properties • Similar chemical properties

15. Chemical reactions of stereoisomers • 1) Generation of a chiral center

16. Reaction away from a chiral center

17. Generation of a second chiral center

18. Resolution of enantiomers • Enantiomers + chiral molecules gives diasteriomers which can be sepearated, then we get red of the chiral molecules