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Models/Theories review

Models/Theories review. Best advice: Review for this quiz in ‘full screen mode’ (F5) so you can look at models without seeing answers. Continue filling out your chart with info on the Geographers and their models/theories. Name the model or theory. *Alonso & Ricardo

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Models/Theories review

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  1. Models/Theories review • Best advice: Review for this quiz in ‘full screen mode’ (F5) so you can look at models without seeing answers. Continue filling out your chart with info on the Geographers and their models/theories

  2. Name the model or theory • *Alonso & Ricardo • *got left out of models project…. :0 • Bid Rent theory

  3. John Borchert • 1) Sail-Wagon Epoch (1790-1830) - associated with low technology• 2) Iron Horse Epoch (1830-70); steam-powered locomotive & spreading rails• 3) Steel-Rail Epoch (1870-1920); full impact of Ind. Rev. (steel), hinterlands expand• 4) Auto-Air-Amenity Epoch (1920-70); gas-powered internal combustion engine• High Technology Epoch (1970-today ); expansion of service & information industries (not part of Borchert's model) Transportation & Urbanization model: The American Epochs Five distinct periods in the history of Americanurbanization. Each epoch is characterized by the impact of a particular transport technology on the creation and differential rates of growth of American cities. Name the model or theory

  4. Name the model or theory Norman Borlaug RIP, 2009  Green Revolution

  5. Name the model or theory Esther Boserup Population and economic growth theory Not the worry wart regarding population

  6. ERNST BURGESS CONCENTRIC ZONE MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Name the model or theory Burgess and Urban = BURban

  7. Name the model or theory • H. Carey The Gravity Model

  8. CHRISTALLER CENTRAL PLACE THEORY OF URBAN/SERVICES DEVELOPMENT Name the model or theory

  9. Name the model or theory • SubSaharan City model • DeBlij

  10. Name the model or theory • Ford/Griffin • Latin American city model

  11. Joel Garreau Edge Cities/ Urbanization Name the model or theory

  12. Name the model or theory • Gimbutas • Kurgan hypothesis • In 1956 Gimbutas introduced her Kurgan hypothesis, which combined archaeological study of the distinctive Kurgan burial mounds with linguistics to unravel some problems in the study of theProto-Indo-European (PIE) speaking peoples, whom she dubbed the "Kurgans"; namely, to account for their origin and to trace their migrations into Europe.

  13. HARRIS & ULLMAN MULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Name the model or theory Multiple names = multiple nuclei

  14. Harold Hotelling Industry – Locational interdependence Ice cream/Starbucks theory Name the model or theory

  15. HOMER HOYT SECTOR MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Name the model or theory Homer / sector

  16. Koppen Climate classifications Name the model or theory

  17. August Losch Industrialization – Profit maximization ‘$$ make me happy’ guy Name the model or theory

  18. Name the model or theory Thomas Malthus Theory of overpopulation

  19. HALFORD MAKINDER HEARTLAND THEORY OF POLITICAL POWER Name the model or theory MaKINDer is kind HEARTed

  20. Name the model or theory Alfred Mahan Sea power theory of political growth

  21. Name the model or theory • McGee • SE Asian city model

  22. PETER MULLER SUBURBANIZATION + TRANSPORTATION ANALYSIS IN URBAN REGIONS Name the model or theory Muller = Mules TRANSPORT

  23. Name the model or theory • Omran • epidemiological transition is a phase of development witnessed by a sudden and stark increase in population growth rates brought about by medical innovation in disease or sickness therapy and treatment, followed by a re-leveling of population growth from subsequent declines in fertility rates

  24. FRIEDRICH RATZEL ORGANIC THEORY OF STATE GROWTH + ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM - Natural surroundings rule human action Name the model or theory A RAT is ORGANIC/alive RATs live in the environment

  25. Name the model or theory Ernst Ravenstein Gravity model of migration + Laws of Migration RAVENS fly/ MIGRATE

  26. Name the model or theory Collin Renfrew Language diffusion by agricultural means CoLLin/Language…..

  27. Name the model or theory Walter Rostow Stages of economic growth/development Be able to name the stages w/country examples RostOW = economic grOWth

  28. Name the model or theory • Carl Sauer • Possiblism/Landscape Theory states that the cultural landscape is shaped by humans and various cultural aspects of their culture. • Examples- Humans have altered the physical environment in many ways including the architecture humans build, the toponyms placed on certain locations, burial practices, and sacred sites that are established. • Possibilism • Humans can alter their environment Hoover Dam – changing the landscape

  29. Name the model or theory Nicholas Spykman He who controls the Rimland, controls the world – political systems theory SPYKE the RIM

  30. Name the model or theory Taylor and Lang World Cities Model tAyLor / LAng L.A. is a world city

  31. Warren Thompson Demographic Transition Holds that slowing population growth is attributable to improved economic production and higher standards of living brought about by changes in medicine, education and sanitation.Overcrowding is a reflection of theCarrying Capacityand not the numbers per unit area. (Carrying Capacity is the # of people an area can support on a sustained basis given the prevailing technology.) Name the model or theory

  32. VON THUNEN AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN AN ISOLATED STATE SURROUND A MARKET ZONE THAT IS CIRCULAR Name the model or theory Not Burgess, but look the same.

  33. Immanuel Wallerstein World Systems Theory / Core-Periphery model Name the model or theory Wallerstein = World

  34. Name the model or theory Alfred Weber Least Cost theory and Industrial location theory Cheap guy/theory

  35. Name the model or theory • Wilber Zelinsky

  36. Name the model or theory • G. Zipf • Rank-size rule for sizes of cities

  37. Nature/Perspectives Sauer Ratzel Koppen Wegener THEORIES/CONCEPTS > environmental determinism Possiblism, Climate classification system DEV/RESOURCES Rostow Wallerstein Thompson Theories/CONCEPTS > Stages of eco growth, world systems theory Demographic Transition Pop/Migration Boserup Malthus Ravenstein Omran Carey Zelinsky Ratzel THEORIES/CONCEPTS > Gravity model-migration push & pull factors, population & food supply issues rural to urban migration, Ties b/t population growth & economic growth, Demographic Transition Culture > Language diffusion (military vs agriculture… M. Gimbutas, C. Renfrew, Sauer, Ratzel Most important Geographers/TheoriesBe able to match the person to their theory/modelBe able to recognize/classify the theory/model

  38. Political Mahan Spykman Mackinder Ratzel Models/Theories/concepts Sea power Rimland theory Heartland theory Organic states AGRICULTURE Von Thunen Borlaug Boserup Christaller Renfrew Models/theories Agri in the isolated state Green Revolution Centers of Agri and diffusion of culture/language INDUSTRIALIZATION/ECO DEVELOPMENT Weber Rostow Wallerstein Thompson Borlaug (as related to development) Taylor/Lang Theories/CONCEPTS > Stages of eco growth, world systems theory Demographic Transition Least cost theory Green Revolution – links to development CITIES AND URBAN LAND USE Borchert, Burgess, Harris/Ullman Hotelling, Losch, Garreau, Christaller Hoyt, Muller, Zipf, Muller/Hartshorn, DeBlij, Ford/Griffin, McGee THEORIES/CONCEPTS US city structure: Concentric Zones v Sector v Multiple Nuclei, v Urban Realms, World Cities, Central Place Theory, Suburbanization, Edge Cities, African v Asian v Latin American city structures Most important Geographers/TheoriesBe able to match the person to their theory/modelBe able to recognize/classify the theory/model

  39. Turkey/agriculture/food/language Correlation b/t source areas of 3 agricultural centers and 3 major languages Anatolian Hearth theory

  40. Central Place Theory • Spatial distribution of cities/service centers is a hexagon w/CP in the middle Chrystals…

  41. Core-Periphery model World systems Places/regions can’t develop equally, somebody has to be poor!

  42. Demographic Transition Model Birth and mortality rates are tied to stages of development

  43. Demographic Transition Holds that slowing population growth is attributable to improved economic production and higher standards of living brought about by changes in medicine, education and sanitation.Overcrowding is a reflection of theCarrying Capacityand not the numbers per unit area. (Carrying Capacity is the # of people an area can support on a sustained basis given the prevailing technology.)

  44. Tied to Neo-colonialism Poor country’s economy is tied to a rich country, usually it’s former colonizer Dependency Theory

  45. ‘Black Hole’ city Relationship b/t volume of migration and distance from source & destination is inverse Gravity model of migration

  46. ‘Who rules East Europe commands the HeartlandWho rules the Heartland commands the World-IslandWho rules the World-Island commands the world’ He who controls Europe, controls the world • Heartland Theory Mackinder's Heartland (also known as the Pivot Area) is the core area of Eurasia, and the World-Island is all of Eurasia (both Europe and Asia).

  47. Least Cost/Location Theory Minimizing transportation costs Cheap theory

  48. Migration Theory Push-Pull Forces impact choices FORCED VOLUNTARY IMPELLED CHAIN

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