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Understanding Automotive Charging Systems for Efficient Vehicle Maintenance

Delve deep into the world of automotive charging systems, from induced voltage to AC charging systems, and learn about the components, operation, and maintenance of alternators and voltage regulators.

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Understanding Automotive Charging Systems for Efficient Vehicle Maintenance

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  1. CHARGING SYSTEMS • Induced Voltage • AC Charging Systems • Preliminary Checks • AC Generator Service • Converts Mechanical Energy into • Electrical Energy

  2. INDUCED VOLTAGE • 3 Stationary Windings (stator) • Rotating Claw Shoes (rotor) • 12 Volts – 300 Volts Out • normal output 13-15 volts

  3. AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING SYSTEM • Purpose: • (1) Provide electrical power to the vehicle while the engine is running • (2) Charge the battery • Components: Alternator, Voltage Regulator, Wiring, Indicator, Drive Belt

  4. ALTERNATOR COMPONETS • Terminals • Slip Rings • Cooling Fan • Belts • Rotor • Stator • Housings/ Frame • Shaft & Bearings • Drive Pulley & Fan • Diodes • Regulator

  5. STATOR Stator is stationary Does not move Electricity is induced in the stator

  6. ROTOR Rotor Rotates-spins Magnetic field is made in ROTOR 2 pole shoes N and S Windings Slip rings

  7. SLIP RING END FRAME BAT terminal hot at all times

  8. DRIVE END FRAME

  9. CAPACITOR

  10. DIODE TRIO

  11. BRUSH HOLDER

  12. VOLTAGE REGULATOR

  13. HEAT SINK & RECTIFIER

  14. ALTERNATOR OPERATION • Three items necessary to produce current flow • 1- Conductors (stator) • 2- Magnetic Field (rotor) • 3-Motion (belt drive from crankshaft)

  15. Alternator Operation • DC Rectification • Half Wave • Full Wave • Voltage Regulation • Sensing Voltage • Field Circuits

  16. CONVERTING AC to DC • Alternator produces AC due to north and south magnet • Diode blocks current flow in one direction converting AC to DC • Current flow is DC at battery terminal

  17. VOLTAGE REGULATION • Integral Regulator • Uses Transistors and a Zener Diode • Controls current to the Field Winding in the Rotor • Low Voltage On • High Voltage Off

  18. Electronic Regulators • Integrated Circuit Voltage Regulators • Fail-Safe Circuits • Computer Regulation

  19. Old Voltage Regulators

  20. Indicators • Indicator Lights • Voltmeter • Ammeter

  21. Basic Checks • Safety Precautions • Inspection • General Tests

  22. General Tests • Voltage Output Test • Current Output Test • Regulator Bypass Test • Oscilloscope Checks • Circuit & Ground test

  23. ALTERNATOR LAB • Disassemble alternator • Learn all parts • Pass instructor’s quiz • Learn operation • Pass instructor’s quiz • Reassemble alternator

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