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Pulmonic Regurgitation. Pulmonic Regurgitation. Incidental benign finding Pathologic PR – usually due to untreated or residual congenital PR. Acquired PR – rare. Usually due to endocarditis, carcinoid syndrome or myxomatous valve disease. Congenital Disease. Thickened deformed leaflets.
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Pulmonic Regurgitation • Incidental benign finding • Pathologic PR – usually due to untreated or residual congenital PR. • Acquired PR – rare. Usually due to endocarditis, carcinoid syndrome or myxomatous valve disease.
Congenital Disease • Thickened deformed leaflets
Endocarditis • Valvular vegetation is present.
Carcinoid • Shortening and thickening of the valve.
Myxomatous Disease • Rare. • Thickened, redundant valve. • Sagging of the leaflet in diastole.
Physiologic PR Physiologic PR • Normal Pulmonic valve • Normal Pulmonary artery • Normal Chamber dimension
Physiologic PR • Normal Pulmonary pressure • PR Jet length < 1 cm • PR Jet duration – not holodiastolic
Borderline PR • PR jet length 1 to 2 cm • PR duration - holodiastolic
Significant PR • PR Jet length > 2 cm • PR duration – holodiastolic
Pulmonic Pressure • SPAP • MPAP • PAEDP
Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure • Equals to RVSP in the absence of RVOT obstruction • SPAP = 4 (TR peak velocity)2 + RAP • RAP estimated from IVC
Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure MPAP mmHg = 80 – 0.5 x acceleration time (RVOT) MPAP mmHg = 4(PR peak velocity)²
Acceleration Time Acceleration time
Pulmonic Valve - PWD MPAP = 80 – 0.5 x Acceleration Time Normal MPAP = 9 to 18 mmHg
Pulmonic - CWD PR – Peak Velocity
Pulmonary Artery End-Diastolic Pressure PAEDP = 4 x (PR end-diastolic velocity)2 + RAP
PR-EDV PR- EDV